Crushed serpentinite quarried in Montgomery County, Maryland, has been extensively used for paving roads and other surfaces. The mineral assemblage includes antigorite or lizardite as well as chrysotile and tremolite. Air samples taken in the vicinity of serpentine-paved roads show that chrysotile concentrations are about 10(3) times greater than those typically found in urban ambient air in th...

With more and more vehicles equipped with GPS tracking devices, there is increasing interest in building and updating maps using vehicular GPS traces. Most existing approaches for building maps rely on position traces from highly accurate positioning devices, which are sampled at a high frequency, e.g., every second. Typically these traces are recorded by survey vehicles. Commodity GPS devices ...

Manual method of feature extraction from remote sensing imagery is a tedious and time-consuming process. The current paper presents the application of Mathematical Morphology for extracting urban features like buildings and roads from remotely sensed imagery. Roads and Buildings are the major features that influence urban planning and development. Also, GIS databases are to be frequently update...

Municipal engineers are faced with the difficult task of managing the urban roadway network. Maintaining this significantly large and expensive infrastructure requires effective planning and design. However, the majority of currently available design tools were developed originally for analyzing highway pavements. Little attention has been given in the past to urban road related issues. The env...

In this contribution, we introduce our concept for automatic road extraction in urban areas using high resolution aerial imagery and dense height information. For facilitating the extraction we use a hierachical road model comprising different road elements (markings, lanes, junctions, road network) at different scales as well as context objects of roads like buildings and vehicles. Global cont...

AIM The susceptibility of children to polluted air has been pointed out several times in the past. Generally, children suffer from higher exposure to air pollutants than adults because of their higher physical activity, higher metabolic rate and the resultant increase in minute ventilation. The aim of this study was to examine the exposure characteristics of public elementary schools in Prague ...

Large-scale daily commuting data were combined with detailed geographical information system (GIS) data to analyze the loss of transport efficiency caused by drivers' uncoordinated routing in urban road networks. We used Price of Anarchy (POA) to quantify the loss of transport efficiency and found that both volume and distribution of human mobility demand determine the POA. In order to reduce P...

In this paper we propose an approach to multi-class semantic segmentation of urban areas in high-resolution aerial images with classspecific object priors for buildings and roads. What makes model design challenging are highly heterogeneous object appearances and shapes that call for priors beyond standard smoothness or co-occurrence assumptions. The data term of our energy function consists of...

Multilane roads in high level-of-detail (LoD) datasets normally represent the constructed high-level roads of urban road network, which have large capacity of transportation and form the pattern of urban movement flows. They are crucial elements for many modern applications such as traffic planning, location-based services (LBS) and emergency evacuation. Nowadays, more and more Volunteered Geog...

Urbanisation is a fundamental phenomenon whose quantitative characterisation is still inadequate. We report here the empirical analysis of a unique data set regarding almost 200 years of evolution of the road network in a large area located north of Milan (Italy). We find that urbanisation is characterised by the homogenisation of cell shapes, and by the stability throughout time of high-centra...