Background: Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may increase the risk of adult-onset asthma in women. Various in vitro studies have reported that estradiol stimulates human mast cell lines causing release of allergic mediators which was not observed in estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) knockout mice. Thus, estrogen might be a key element in occurrence of asthma. In the present study, we p...

There are two estrogen receptor types...alpha and beta, and there may be others. Alpha receptors are located in the target cell nucleus. Binding affinity to these receptors determines biological activity, but is not the only factor involved. The particular way that chemicals bind to a receptor site may be affected by other chemicals that have preferential affinities for the site. Thus, a single...

Introduction: Fennel is rich in phytoestrogens and is used for estrogen deficiency disorders. Estrogens affect anxiety through neurochemical systems such as GABA-A receptors. In this study the effects of fennel on GABA-A and estrogen receptors in anxiety were investigated. Methods: Adult female Wistar rats weighing (180±20 g) were divided into 8 groups. Groups received saline, fennel (200, ...

Platelets participate in normal and pathological thrombotic processes. Hormone replacement in postmenopausal women is associated with increase risk for thrombosis. However, little is known regarding how platelets are affected by hormonal status. Nitric oxide (NO) modulates platelet functions and is modulated by hormones. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine how loss of ovarian...

Background & Objective: Gliomas are the most common type of primary intracranial tumors in adults. The expression of estrogen receptors varies in different grades of glial tumors, and some studies have suggested that this expression might have a prognostic value. It seems that estrogen receptor expression negatively correlates with the histological grade of gliomas. In the pres...

Estrogen receptor (ER) and thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factors that can bind to an identical half-site, AGGTCA, of their cognate hormone response elements. By in vitro transfection analysis in CV-1 cells, we show that estrogen induction of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in a construct containing a CAT reporter gene under the contr...

CITED1, a CBP/p300-binding nuclear protein that does not bind directly to DNA, is a transcriptional coregulator. Here, we show evidence that CITED1 functions as a selective coactivator for estrogen-dependent transcription. When transfected, CITED1 enhanced transcriptional activation by the ligand-binding/AF2 domain of both estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) and ERbeta in an estrogen-dependent ma...

background: breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, containing approximately one third of all illnesses in women. assessment of molecular markers is valuable in predicting the outcome of disease and decision making for optimal treatment. the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between estrogen and progesterone receptors with her-2, ki67, p53, and clinicopathologica...

Phytoestrogens are polyphenolic non-steroidal plant compounds with estrogen like activity exerted through estrogen receptors. These receptors are distributed in several tissues such as male and female reproductive systems, bones, cardiovascular and central nervous systems. These natural phenolic compounds include isoflavonoids, flavonoids, lignans and stilbenes. Isoflavonoids are the most studi...