The association between smoking and risk of the development of cancer is well established (Hymowitz, 2011; Duaso and Duncan, 2012; Durkin et al., 2012; Jensen et al., 2012; Mao et al., 2012; Mitchell et al., 2012). Tobacco related deaths involve more than 5 million people yearly; and it is expected to exceed 8 million by the year 2030 (WHO, 2009). Tobacco use is recognized as the major cause of...

Loss of Heterozygosity Diversity: Whole Ploidy Shifts, Aneuploidy, and Rapid Mechanisms for Generating Genome Richard J. Bennett, Anja Forche and Judith Berman Infection Fungal Biofilms, Drug Resistance, and Recurrent Andes Jigar V. Desai, Aaron P. Mitchell and David R. Pathogenic Species Complex Candida The Siobhán A. Turner and Geraldine Butler Metabolism in Fungal Pathogenesis et al. Iuliana...

When modelling cryto-protocols by means of process calculi which express both nondeterministic and probabilistic behavior, it is customary to view the scheduler as an intruder. It has been established that the traditional scheduler needs to be carefully calibrated in order to more accurately reflect the intruder’s capabilities for controlling communication channels. We propose such a class of s...

Letter by O’Rourke et al Regarding Article, “Arterial Stiffness and Cardiovascular Events: The Framingham Heart Study” To the Editor: The article by Mitchell et al1 confirms the value of carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity in predicting cardiovascular events in normal populations. This is embraced in the 2007 European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology guidelines in which pu...

Microfluidics is the science and technology of systems that process or manipulate small amounts (microto picoliters) of fluids, using channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers (Whitesides, 2006). Microfluidics offers several advantages in a variety of fields including fuel cells (Dyer, 2002; Jankowski et al., 2002; Erdler et al., 2006; Nguyen et al., 2006; Morse, 2007; Kuriyam...

Field studies have demonstrated that it is possible to evaluate the state of many shipboard systems by analyzing the power drawn by electromechanical actuators (Cox et al. 2006; Cox et al. 2007; DeNucci et al. 2005; Mitchell et al. 2006; Ramsey et al. 2005). One device that can perform such an analysis is the non-intrusive load monitor (NILM). This paper focuses on specific field studies conduc...

Ractopamine hydrochloride is a xenobiotic that belongs to a large group of ß2-adrenergic agonist compounds. ß2-Agonists are used in human and veterinary medicine for treatment of lung diseases as bronchodilators, tocolytics and heart tonics (Courtheyn et al., 2002; Malucelli et al., 1994; Meyer & Rinke, 1991). Besides their legal use, these drugs are often misused as growth promoters, to improv...

Can the phenomena of associative learning be replaced wholesale by a propositional reasoning system? Mitchell et al. make a strong case against an automatic, unconscious, and encapsulated associative system. However, their propositional account fails to distinguish inferences based on actions from those based on observation. Causal Bayes networks remedy this shortcoming, and also provide an ove...

Recent years have seen progress in isolation and expansion of mesenchymal cells (MSCs) from human umbilical cord tissue, namely the Wharton’s jelly. Situated between the subamnion and the perivascular zone that surrounds the blood vessels (Troyer & Weiss, 2008), Wharton’s jelly is a matrix of mucous connective tissue, composed of fibroblast-like stromal cells, collagen fibers and proteoglycans,...