Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, cause serious human illnesses through combinations of surface virulence factors and secretion of exotoxins. Our prior studies using the protein synthesis inhibitor clindamycin and signal transduction inhibitors glycerol monolaurate and α-globin and β-globin chains of hemoglobin indicate that their abilities to inhibit exotoxin production by...

The site and characteristics of gastrointestinal electrolyte loss were investigated in eight dogs with experimental cholera induced by orogastric administration of 6-hr broth cultures of Vibrio cholerae, strain Ogawa 395. In these animals, all electrolyte losses originated in the small bowel, predominantly from the jejunum and ileum. The bicarbonate concentration of the small bowel fluid showed...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the volume of solution used to inject equivalent units of botulinum exotoxin A affects the diffusion of toxin and areas of rhytid diminution in the treatment of dynamic forehead lines. DESIGN Ten volunteers with dynamic forehead lines were included. Each study patient received a single injection at a point 2.5 cm above the orbital rim on either side of the for...

By the suppression, through anaerobiosis, of the exotoxin-producing activity of Bacillus dysenteriae Shiga a pure endotoxin is produced directly from the culture. The duality of the poison of Shiga bacillus is further substantiated by studies on the diffusion of exotoxin, or neurotoxin, and endotoxin, or enterotoxin, by means of collodion sacs, implanted intraabdominally in rabbits or placed in...

Running title (max 54 characters including space): 25 Structure of the mobile B3 MBL: AIM-1 26 27

[This corrects the article on p. 532 in vol. 7, PMID: 29379773.].

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen which uses a number of strategies to cross epithelial and endothelial barriers at cell-cell junctions. In this review, we describe how the coordinated actions of P. aeruginosa's virulence factors trigger various molecular mechanisms to disarm the junctional gate responsible for tissue integrity.

Considerable improvements have been made in the fogging application of Rejex-it TP-40. Much has been learned about the type of fog generated by these machines and the resulting efficiency. Many foggers have been proven to deliver the product in the desired form, while others were only useful under special conditions, but no single piece of equipment is suitable for all situations. Generally, th...

We demonstrate that pancreatic cancer tissues express receptors for interleukin (IL)-4 in situ at high density. Using the approach of selective receptor targeting, we have tested the efficacy of a recombinant cytotoxin IL4-Pseudomonas exotoxin A, which is composed of a targeting moiety (IL-4) and a mutated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin. Our results demonstrate that this molecule exerts vigorous ...

CAMERO , C. M. & SMIT, MARIA, C. Relationship of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis protoplasmic toxins to the exotoxin. Onderstep oort]. vet. Res. (1970), 37 (2), 97-104. Corynebacterium pseudotttberculosis (Buchanan, 1911) protoplasm was separated into two tox ic fractions by means of gel chromatography. Toxin neutralization tests indicated that one of the fractions is probably identical to t...