نتایج جستجو برای: extensive air shower eas
تعداد نتایج: 379809 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The extensive air shower (EAS) experiment KASCADE has started its operation at the laboratory site of the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, at 49 N, 8 E, 110 m above sea level. It consists of an extended (200 200m 2) array of electron detectors and muon detectors as well as of a compact and complex central detector system. The latter contains a dense scintillator matrix, muon tracking detectors, a s...
The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector for ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECR) with energies above 1018.5 eV. Currently the first part of the Observatory nears completion in the southern hemisphere in Argentina. One detection technique uses over 1600 water Cherenkov tanks at ground where samples of secondary particles of extensive air showers (EAS) are detected. The second technique...
The Cosmic-Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory (CREDO) was established to detect and study ultra high-energy cosmic ray particles. In addition making use of traditional methods for finding rare extended events such as professional-grade Extensive Air Shower (EAS) arrays, well educational ‘class-room’ detectors, CREDO also makes cameras in smartphones particle detectors. Beyond the primary sci...
The increasing cosmic ray statistics collected by present experiments and the future prospects with new large arrays demand accurate calculations of the extensive air shower parameters (EAS). The energy of the primary particle is estimated by ground arrays fitting a lateral distribution function (LDF) to the particle densities at a given observing level. However, the lack of appropriate paramet...
The energy spectrum of cosmic rays in the range E ∼ 1015 eV to 6 × 1019 eV has been studied using the air Cherenkov light detectors of the Yakutsk array. The total flux of photons produced by relativistic electrons (including positrons as well, hereafter) of extensive air showers in the atmosphere is used as the energy estimator of the primary particle initiating a shower. The resultant differe...
We review all existing air-fluorescence measurements of the elongation rate extensive air showers (slope mean EAS shower maximum Xmax vs. log energy E) above 1017 eV. find remarkable agreement for current and historic experiments over a 30 yr period range from to 3 × 1018 The in this interval is near 80 g/cm2/decade. Above energy, Northern hemisphere are good with an average 48 ± 10 g/cm2/decad...
e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. We computed the energy spectra of the incident (on an air shower array) ultrahighenergy (E > 4⋅10 eV) cosmic rays (CRs) that were accelerated in nearby Seyfert nuclei at redshifts z≤ 0.0092 and in BL Lac objects. These were identified as possible CR sources in our previous works. For our calculations, we took the distribution of these sources over the sky...
The kinetic theory of electric discharge in thunderclouds generated by runaway breakdown (RB) and extensive atmospheric shower (EAS) is developed. A giant growth of relativistic and thermal electrons, gamma and radio emission is predicted. The theory is compared with the recent results of EAS-radio experiments at Tien Shan mountains and with observations of lightning initiation process and narr...
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