BACKGROUND Diagnostic criteria for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are still evolving. No data exist on prospective differentiation of DLB and Alzheimer disease (AD). OBJECTIVE To examine the clinician's diagnostic accuracy for DLB and analyze factors contributing to false-positive DLB diagnoses. METHODS A prospective series of 10 patients with clinically diagnosed DLB who came to autopsy w...

In many cases of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), extrapyramidal signs (EPS) occur at some point in the illness [1–29]. Pearce first reported EPS in pre-senile dementia in 1974 [1]. Epidemiological reports suggested that EPS in AD herald a more ominous clinical course, with a more rapid rate of cognitive [2, 7] and functional decline [3, 6], a greater risk of institutionalization [3, 8, 9] and shorter...

There is now growing evidence that parkinsonism and other extrapyramidal signs are highly prevalent in patients with first-episode psychosis who have never been exposed to antipsychotic drugs. However, the neurocognitive correlates of parkinsonism in this population remained to be clarified. A sample comprising 100 consecutive drug-naive patients with first-episode psychosis were enrolled on th...

A case of type 1 (adult) Gaucher's disease with a late onset tapeto-retinal degeneration and an initially dopamine responsive extrapyramidal syndrome is described. The literature reporting neurological involvement in type 1 Gaucher's disease is reviewed, and it is concluded that the absence of symptoms and signs of nervous system involvement cannot be used as the sole basis for the classificati...

It is well known that hypoparathyroidism may present signs and symptoms of mental deficiency, neuroses or psychoses. Diverse neurological manifestations including extrapyramidal symptomatology have been noted as the only presenting signs in the absence of tetany (Fourman, et al; Kaye, et al; Greene and Swanson; Wise and Hart; Dimich, et al; Fonseca and Calverley; Sugar; Lachmann). Convulsions a...

A study was conducted on 66 psychiatric inpatients who took major tranquilizers for periods of four to 16 years. The frequency of signs of Parkinsonism and the effects of orphenadrine on these were studied in a double-blind crossover method. Sixty-one per cent of the patients showed signs of Parkinsonism. Female patients and those with organic brain pathology more frequently exhibited Parkinson...

Slit-hyperintensity in the outer margin of the putamen on T2 weighted MRI was found in 17 out of 28 patients with clinically diagnosed multiple system atrophy. Thirteen of these 17 patients showed extrapyramidal signs. Five patients had only unilateral slit-hyperintensity; four of them had contralateral rigidity; and one had bradykinesia. Despite mild rigidity, one case showed no slit-hyperinte...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical features of autopsy-proven corticobasal degeneration (CBD). METHODS We evaluated symptoms, signs, and neuropsychological deficits longitudinally in 15 patients with autopsy-proven CBD and related these observations directly to the neuroanatomic distribution of disease. RESULTS At presentation, a specific pattern of cognitive impairment was evident, wher...