Creatine is an amino acid derivate commonly found in vertebrate muscle tissue. facilitates the recycling of adenosine triphosphate and thus contributes to energy supply muscles as well brain. used a supplement for several reasons its effects humans, particularly sports medicine, have been studied excessively. Also, creatine supplementation has functions benefits terrestrial farm animals. Up dat...

In the current Iranian poultry industry, antibiotics are the most frequently used additive in feeds to increase the productivity. Regarding the negative effects on human health due to consuming chicken whose feeds contain antibiotics, finding an appropriate alternative is of a great importance. This study aims to find an appropriate and harmless feed additive to increase the quality and quantit...

For feeding in large proportions to fatten beef cattle, Australian molasses have the following mineral nutrient characteristics: (a) all provide adequate to excess amounts of K, Ca, Mg, S, Cl, Co and Fe; (b) all are very deficient in P; (c) Na is deficient in some molasses from the Northern region; (d) Cu, Zn and Mn are all adequate for the lowest NRC level, but many molasses need supplementati...

Managing the mineral nutrition of free-range grazing livestock can be challenging. On farms where grazing animals are infrequently yarded, there are limited opportunities to administer trace element supplements via feeds and concentrates. In New Zealand, where the majority of sheep, cattle, and deer graze pasture year round, inadequate intake of cobalt, copper, iodine and selenium is prevalent....

Substituting fishmeal (FM) with vegetable meal (VM) can markedly affect the mineral composition of feeds, and may require additional mineral supplementation. Their bioavailability and optimal supplementation levels depend also on the form of delivery of minerals. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of different delivery forms of three major trace elements (Zn, Mn and Se) in a marin...

Supplementation of pelleted feeds (30% crude protein) consisting of practical ingredients with 250, 375 and 500 mg Cholymbi/kg diet resulted significantly improved the growth of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Highest final average weight was recorded with diet containing 500 mg Cholymbi/kg. Feeding Cholymbi to fish showed increased carcass protein and fat. Gut protease and hepatopancreas amylase...

Optimal feeding of low birth weight (LBW) infants improves their immediate survival and subsequent growth and development. Being a heterogeneous group comprising term and preterm neonates, their feeding abilities, fluid and nutritional requirements are quite different from normal birth weight infants. A practical approach to feeding a LBW infant including choice of initial feeding method, progr...

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We investigated the folate-dependent toxicity of formate to mink to better understand the use of formic acid in fur animal feeds. Folic acid supplementation (0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of DM) in the feed of weanling mink for 4 wk resulted in hepatic tetrahydrofolate (H4folate) concentrations of 3.94, 8.51, 9.15, 10.4, and 15.0 nmol/g, respectively (SE 1.03). Oxidation tests in metabolic chambers...

Spent biomass of different seaweeds such as Sargassum wightii, Turbinaria conoides, Padina tetrastomata and Ulva lactuca were evaluated for the nutritional benefits in aqua feeds. Basic nutritional value, of seaweeds contains a number of pigments, defensive and storage compounds, and secondary metabolites that could have beneficial effects in farmed fish. Only a small fraction of algal species ...