background: understanding the motives and reasons for drug treatment is very important. this study aimed to develop a psychometric evaluation to determine the reasons for addiction treatment among outpatients referred to addiction treatment clinics. methods: this cross-sectional validation study included five phases (i) item generation (ii) making an initial questionnaire (iii) content validity...

this qualitative study analyzes the reasons of college students for learning english as a foreign language (efl) in costa rica and the reasons of high school students for learning german as a foreign language (gfl) in the us. it asks to what extent the learners’ reasons align with or deviate from neoliberal discourses that commodify foreign languages. the analysis of 27 interviews in a us high ...

ObjectiveTo study the experiences, considerations, and motivations of patients with endometriosis in decision-making process for deep (DE) treatment options.DesignQualitative using semi-structured in-depth focus group methodology.SettingUniversity medical center.Patient(s)A total 19 Dutch women diagnosed DE between 27 47 years age.Intervention(s)Not applicable.Main Outcome Measure(s)Focus topic...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine smoking motivation and motivation to quit, and determinants of these motivations among HIV-infected cigarette smokers. METHODS We conducted a 1-day cross-sectional survey on cigarette smoking in a representative sample of HIV-infected outpatients of French hospitals. A cluster analysis was used to characterize respondents' smoking motivation. A ...

total fertility rate relates to the number of children that a woman bears in the fertility period of her life. fertility function is one of the most important health and population indicators. this indicator affects social, health, economic and cultural factors. this study is an ecological or correlative one. factors affecting total fertility rate in iran in the year 2000 are studied in this pa...

Abstract Same-sex households and non-heterosexual people’s living arrangements are an expanding area of research in family studies. This contribution focuses on the transition from cohabitation to marriage same-sex couples comparison different-sex Spain, i.e., one pioneer countries that was legalized 2005. In this particular context, we investigate what extent present similar risks. Employing E...

This research aimed to explore the childbearing gap created by sociocultural challenges among disabled women in Bungoma County. Using a pronatalist approach, study explores extent which level of education, marital status and social influence fertility attainment WLWD. The was directed planned behaviour theory Icek Ajzen (1991), helped analyse interaction motivations, decision-making processes o...