Maternal thyroid hormone (TH) crosses the placenta and is postulated to regulate fetal brain development. However, TH-dependent stages of fetal brain development remain to be characterised. We have therefore compared the levels of several neuronal and glial cytoskeletal proteins in fetal brains from normal (N) and partially thyroidectomised (TX) rat dams by immunoblotting. Pregnancies were stud...

background: in most cancer cases, the treatment choice for a pregnant patient is radiotherapy. in these patients, the abdomen is usually not exposed therefore fetus exposure is due to peripheral dose (pd). the purpose of this study was to estimate the fetal dose (the maximum pd in each pregnancy stage) for modalities available and to fabricate and evaluate a generally applicable fetal shield. m...

OBJECTIVES This study was undertaken to develop a three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound method of measuring fetal brain volume. STUDY DESIGN Serial 3D sonographic measurements of fetal brain volume were made in 68 normal singleton pregnancies at 18 to 34 weeks of gestation. A comparison was made with fetal brain volume estimates from two-dimensional (2D) sonographic measurement of head circumfere...

Obstructed labor with the fetal head impacted in pelvis is an obstetric complication that requires cesarean delivery with skilful handling. Extraction and delivery of the fetal head in this situation can be achieved utilizing either an ‘abdomino-vaginal’ approach or ‘reverse breech extraction’. Other techniques include use of a ‘Dis impaction system’ or ‘Patwardhan technique’. However, caesarea...

Fetal alcohol syndrome represents the leading known preventable cause of mental retardation. FAS is on most severe side fetal spectrum disorders that stem from deleterious effects prenatal exposure. Affecting as many 1 to 5 out 100 children, FASD often results in brain abnormalities extend structure, function, and cerebral hemodynamics. The present review provides an analysis high-resolution im...

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an established clinical adjunct for the in-vivo evaluation of human brain development. Normal fetal brain maturation can be studied with MRI from the 18th week of gestation to term and relies primarily on T2-weighted sequences. Recently diffusion-weighted sequences have gained importance in the structural assessment of the fetal brain. Diffusion...

INTRODUCTION Fetal MRI is a safe, noninvasive way to image the developing fetal brain. In clinical practice, it is primarily performed for further evaluation of a suspected sonographic abnormality. Fetal MRI is also performed in conditions where prenatal sonography of the fetal brain is normal but the fetus is at increased risk for neurodevelopmental abnormalities. These include complications o...