Porifera (sponges) are, evolutionarily, the oldest metazoan phylum. Recent molecular data suggest that these animals possess molecules similar to and homologous with those of the innate and adaptive immune systems of higher Metazoa. Applying the biological system of parabiosis and the technique of differential display of mRNA, two cDNAs encoding putative FK506-binding proteins were isolated. FK...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The immunosuppressive drug tacrolimus (FK506) is used clinically to reduce the rejection rate in patients with kidney transplantation; however, the resultant nephrotoxicity remains a serious problem. In the present study we attempted to elucidate the mechanisms of glomerular injury induced by FK506 and the renoprotective effects of the angiotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan...

The cellular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective action of the immunosuppressant FK506 in experimental stroke remain uncertain, although in vitro studies have implicated an antiexcitotoxic action involving nitric oxide and calcineurin. The present in vivo study demonstrates that intraperitoneal pretreatment with 1 and 10 mg/kg FK506, doses that reduced the volume of ischemic cortical dama...

Abstract Background and Aims Belimumab (BLM) has been approved for the treatment of active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) nephritis (LN). Multitarget therapy (MT) consisting tacrolimus (FK506), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), steroid proved that can provide good curative effect as induction LN. Because limitations BLM's phase III clinical trails, exact in severe LN BLM is not clear yet. To ass...

Abstract Uterine natural killer cells (uNK) are the most common human decidual lymphocytes, but origin and ontogeny of uNKs remain unclear. Studies uterus transplant recipients (UTx) suggest that originate in blood, how these become tissue resident differentiate into NK is unknown. We studied molecular mechanisms governing uNK residency endometrium using single-cell RNA-seq flow cytometry analy...

Invasive aspergillosis, largely caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, is responsible for a growing number of deaths among immunosuppressed patients. Immunosuppressants such as FK506 (tacrolimus) that target calcineurin have shown promise for antifungal drug development. FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs) form a complex with calcineurin in the presence of FK506 (FKBP12-FK506) and inhibit calcineurin acti...

Eukaryotic peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (rotamases) fall into two classes, the cyclophilins inhibited by cyclosporin A and the FK506-binding proteins inhibited by the macrolide antibiotic FK506. In prokaryotes homologs of cyclophilins have been identified and found to have rotamase activity. Sequence similarities have been noted between FK506-binding proteins and gene products in a numb...

This study evaluated the utility of combinational therapy, coupling delayed posttraumatic hypothermia with delayed FK506 administration, on altered cerebral vascular reactivity, axonal injury, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption seen following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Animals were injured, subjected to various combinations of hypothermic/FK506 intervention, and equipped with cranial w...

Objective: Diabetic retinopathy is a complex disease that potentially involves inflammation in its pathogenesis. It has been demonstrated that FK506, one of its potent immunosuppressive agents, possess anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore whether FK506 could reduce vascular damage in experimental diabetic retinopathy. Methods: The streptozotocin-induced mo...