The action mechanism for the production of spinal analgesia of KK-3, tyrosyl-N-methyl-gamma-aminobutylyl-phenylalaninol, was examined by the tail pinch and tail flick methods. Intrathecal KK-3, 2.5, 5 and 10 nmol/mouse, dose-dependently produced an analgesic effect in both methods. In the tail pinch method, the analgesia was suppressed by 2 mg/kg but not by 1 mg/kg of naloxone; however, the ana...

Background/Aims: Vincristine (VCR) is a potent anticancer drug and neurotoxicity is one of its most important doselimiting toxicities. In this study, we investigated the effect of VCR by neurophysiological recordings and the tail flick test. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of action of VCR, expression of both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, an index of glutamate excitotoxity and cal...

Prior work suggests that spinal systems are sensitive to the stimulus relationships that underlie Pavlovian conditioning. We studied this phenomenon in Sprague-Dawley rats by pairing a vibrotactile conditioned stimulus (CS) with a tailshock unconditioned stimulus (US). Experiment 1 showed that spinal rats exhibit differential conditioning, having longer tail-flick latencies on the tail-flick te...

In the present study the effects of both CCK receptor agonists and antago­ nists on antinociception induced by morphine in the tail-flick test have been evalu­ ated. M orphine induced dose-dependent antinoci�eption in mice. The response of morphine was potentiated by sulfated cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8S) but not by unsulfated cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8U). The CCK receptor antagonists MK-329 and L-3...

The leaves of Mitragyna speciosa were chewed as a substitute to opium in Thailand and Malaysia. A study was therefore undertaken to compare the antinociceptive activity of morphine and paracetamol to that of mitragynine, a major constituent of fresh leaves of M. speciosa. The tests employed were acetic acid induced writhings, hot tail-flick and cold tail flick. All test drugs were administered ...

In the traditional medicine, Taxus baccata Linn. has been used as analgesic, anticonvulsant, and antiinflammatory remedy. In the present study, bark of plant was extracted with 95% ethanol and ether at room temperature and evaluate for their analgesic activity in mice using the tail-flick and acetic acid-induced writhing method. Ether extract exhibits potent analgesic activity in tail-flick tes...

Beta-endorphin (fS-EP) is a 31 amino acid polypeptide secreted by the pituitary, brain, and various other tissues. it has potent opiate-like activity, can produce analgesia, and may play a physiological role in adapting the immune system to stress by affecting Iymphocyte and complement binding activity. To investigate the effect of fS-EPon pain threshold, we analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) a...

OBJECTIVE S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is a major methyl donor in the brain and is also an antidepressant with few reported side effects; however, SAMe is relatively expensive and unstable. Brain SAMe can be increased by giving methionine to rats, raising the possibility that methionine may be an antidepressant. We aimed to study whether SAMe and methionine, when given orally to rats, could rais...

The present study aims to investigate the analgesic activity of the methanol extract of the galls of Quercus infectoria in rats using hot plate and tail-flick methods. The extract was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 20 mg/kg while morphine sulfate and sodium salicylate (10 mg/kg) served as standards. The methanol extract exhibited significant analgesic activity in the tail-flick mod...

A homozygous CGRP-/- mouse line was generated by the targeted disruption of exon 5 in the calcitonin/alphaCGRP gene using homologous recombination. The mutant mice lack alphaCGRP mRNA. Furthermore CGRP immunoreactivity almost completely disappears from the spinal cord and is not at all observed in spinal ganglia and muscle synapses. However, motor end plates were still detected by acetylcholine...