Changes in the fine structure of proplastids of etiolated leaves exposed to various conditions of light and darkness for 24 and 48 hours were investigated, and the chlorophyll content of the leaves so treated was determined in vivo. The light treatments were given while the leaves were floated on tap water or on a 0.2 M sucrose solution. Leaves floated on water under low light intensity (2 foot...

OBJECTIVE Clinical and epidemiological studies have reported the beneficial effects of tree nuts and peanuts on serum lipid levels. We studied the effects of consuming 15% of the daily caloric intake in the form of pistachio nuts on the lipid profiles of free-living human subjects with primary, moderate hypercholesterolemia (serum cholesterol greater than 210 mg/dL). METHODS design: Randomize...

The pistachio (Pistacia.vera) belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. Plants of this family are trees or shrubs (broadleaf) and in total comprising 75 genera and 600 species. This species is found in arid and semi-arid regions, located in the northeast of Iran. Many algorithms have been investigated for tree delineation and identification, in order to assist human operators in the information expl...

OBJECTIVES Stillbirth is an undesirable outcome of pregnancy. In light of the increasing use of pesticides and growing concerns about the possible health effects of agricultural pesticides, we investigated the effect of exposure to pistachio pesticides on stillbirth in pregnant mothers. METHODS This case-control study was conducted in Rafsanjan, Iran from 2011 to 2012. A total of 125 females ...

Aflatoxins, carcinogenic toxins produced by Aspergillus fungi, contaminate maize, peanuts, and tree nuts in many regions of the world. Pistachios are the main source of human dietary aflatoxins from tree nuts worldwide. Over 120 countries have regulations for maximum allowable aflatoxin levels in food commodities. We developed social network models to analyze the association between nations' af...

ORIGIN AND HISTORY The pistachio is native to western Asia and Asia Minor, where it is still found growing wild in numerous hot, dry locations in Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, Iran, Iraq, India, Southern Europe and the desert countries of Asia and Africa. It was introduced to Europe at the beginning of the Christian era. The first pistachio introductions to the United States were by the USDA plant...

Figure 1. Proposed evolutionary steps to rafting in Janthinidae. Left: Bayesian phylogram of Janthinoidea and seven potential sister families. DNA sequence data come from four loci: mitochondrial 16S rDNA, nuclear 28S rDNA, Histone-H3, Histone-H4. Bayesian posterior probabilities are followed by maximum likelihood bootstrap percentages above internal branches. Asterisks indicate support values ...

abstract during 2007 and 2008, a survey on species diversity of acari associated with pistachio trees and seasonal dynamics of the dominant injurious species was conducted in mahvelat region for the first time. 8 varieties of pistachio including akbari, owhadi, badami, barg siah, ghermez, kalah ghochi, germeh and momtaz, commonly grown in the region were compared in terms of infestation to the ...