We describe the current state of the search for direct, surviving samples of early, inner Solar System fluids-fluid inclusions in meteorites. Meteoritic aqueous fluid inclusions are not rare, but they are very tiny and their characterization is at the state of the art for most analytical techniques. Meteoritic fluid inclusions offer us a unique opportunity to study early Solar System brines in ...

This article extensively reviews published research on inclusions in ingot steel and defects on ingot products, methods to measure and detect inclusions in steel, the causes of exogenous inclusions, and the transport and entrapment of inclusions during fluid flow, segregation, and solidification of steel cast in ingot molds. Exogenous inclusions in ingots originate mainly from reoxidation of th...

Fluid inclusions in evaporite minerals (halite, gypsum, etc.) potentially preserve genetic records of microbial diversity and changing environmental conditions of Earth's hydrosphere for nearly one billion years. Here we describe a robust protocol for surface sterilization and retrieval of DNA from fluid inclusions in halite that, unlike previously published methods, guarantees removal of poten...

Individual fluid inclusions in quartz were investigated by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microprobe to develop protocols for major-element microanalysis. Studies were conducted of synthetic fluid inclusions in Brazilian quartz that contain fluids of known NaC1-CaC12-H20 and KCI-H20 compositions. Inclusions were irradiated by synchrotron X-rays and the resulting energy-dispersi...

This paper studies the ability of salt diapirs to lift large inclusions of dense rocks (rafts). Dense inclusions will be lifted if salt in the diapir rises faster than the inclusions sink. The power-law rheologies of six different salts, and viscosities estimated for Newtonian salt are used to calculate the settling velocity of these inclusions as a function of their radii and density as well a...

Geochemistry and fluid inclusions studies were carried out on garnet and beryl from Quaternary alluvium deposits of Meluli-Namuhuca area, Mozambique. Garnet occurs as euhedral large crystals and is commonly brownish red, with a moderate brown hue in transmitted light. Apatite and ilmenite are the common inclusions. Geochemically, garnet is characterized by nearly homogenous chemical composition...