Natural substrates like sand, soil, leaf litter and snow vary widely in penetration resistance. To search for principles of appendage design in robots and animals that permit high performance on such flowable ground, we developed a ground control technique by which the penetration resistance of a dry granular substrate could be widely and rapidly varied. The approach was embodied in a device co...

Pullulanase from Bacillus acidopullulyticus was purified on a packed bed and a fluidized bed of calcium alginate beads. The binding of enzyme activity to the medium was found to follow Langmuir isotherm pattern. The maximum binding capacity was 1476 U ml(-1) matrix and the dissociation constant was 142 U ml(-1). The dynamic binding capacities at 5% breakthrough in the packed and fluidized beds ...

The paper presents the method of on-line diagnostics of the bed temperature controller for the fluidized bed boiler. Proposed solution is based on the methods of statistical process control. Detected decrease of the bed temperature control quality is used to activate the controller self-tuning procedure. The algorithm that provides optimal tuning of the bed temperature controller is also propos...

The efficiency of fluidized bed reactors depends on bubble distribution, bubble size and bubble velocity within the reactor. The sizes and size distributions of particles used in the bed may lead to different bubble behaviour. The objective of this work is to study the influence of particle size distribution on bubble behaviour. The results from the experiments will be used for validation of CF...

In this work we have tested the fluidized bed desulfurization performance of lime particles obtained by means of a proprietary limestone slow calcination pre-treatment technique. This performance was compared to that of the parent untreated limestone particles. The occurrence of particle fragmentation and attrition during the fluidized bed operation was also investigated with a specific test pr...

In this paper computational analysis of circulating fluidized bed combustion using the fluent software is analysed. This work is concerned about gas–solid two-phase mixtures flowing upwards through the fast beds. The procedures studied are applicable to all types of fluidized-bed boilers. The type of information resulting from various ways of analyzing the pressure and temperature in fluidized ...

Diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS), a non-intrusive multiple scattering technique, can be used to study the fundamentals of particle motion in dynamic dense granular media and measure the mean of the square of the particle velocity fluctuations about their mean, which is related directly to the so-called 'granular temperature' that underpins many theories for dynamic granular processes. An overv...

The fluidized bed drying principles for drying of tea in Bangladesh is thoroughly studied. The experiments were conducted to determine the drying curve, drying time, drying constant and dynamic equilibrium moisture contents of tea at the Bangladesh Tea Research Institute. Drying of tea in a fluidized bed dryer (Kilburn Vibro Fluid Bed Dryer) takes only 20 min for drying from an initial moisture...

Palm kernel shell is an important bioenergy resource in Thailand. However, due to elevated alkali content in biomass ash, this oil palm residue shows high tendency to bed agglomeration in a fluidized-bed combustion system using conventional bed material (silica sand). In this study, palm kernel shell was burned in the conical fluidized-bed combustor (FBC) using alumina and dolomite as alternati...

A bench-scale updraft gasifier was used as a fluidized- and fixed-bed gasification unit in three modes (fluidized-bed at equivalence ratios (ER) =0.2 and 0.25, and a mode in fixed-bed). The experiments were done in five different temperatures (650, 700, 750, 800 and 850oC). To obtain the required data to develop a thermodynamic equilibrium model, the proximate and ultimate analysis w...