BACKGROUND Foam sclerotherapy is an increasingly popular modality in varicose vein treatment. Our previous work showed that the half-life of room air foam varied according to the percentage and type of sclerosant solution. MATERIALS AND METHODS A plastic connector was used to create foam made from a combination of 0.25%, 0.50%, and 1% sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) and room air, carbon dioxi...

Nitrogen-doped flexible carbon foam was used to fabricate a lithium sulfur battery. The stability and rate performance of the battery were evaluated. The battery with carbon foam calcined at 800 °C displayed superior stability compared with other tested batteries. Battery performance was closely related to the foam structure and component. However, good rate performance was achieved with the fo...

A study was conducted to determine the effect of foam extract on sperm motility in the male Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Adult male quails (<12 weeks) of heavy body weight strain were housed in individual cages and divided into 5 groups according to the size of their cloacal glands. The data indicated that the size of the cloacal gland was positively correlated with the frequenc...

Wet granulation using foaming binder solution is a new approach of liquid delivery to create granules. This study compares wet granulation via foamed binder addition method and sprayed binder addition method by studying the kinetics of foam and drop penetrations into loosely packed powder beds. Foam and drop nucleation kinetics were compared by examining specific penetration time (penetration t...

For a foam-covered sea surface, it is difficult to retrieve sea surface salinity (SSS) with L-band brightness temperature (1.4 GHz) because of the effect of a foam layer with wind speeds stronger than 7 m/s, especially at low sea surface temperature (SST). With foam-controlled experiments, emissivities of a foam-covered water surface at low SST (−1.4 °C to 1.7 °C) are measured for varying SSS, ...

abstract this study was mainly conducted due to importance of plant manna and their production process regarding pharmaceutical use. therefore, the behaviourial characteristics of spittlebug poophilus nebulosus leth on alhagi persarum boiss & buhse camel thron plant in torbate jam region, khorasan razavi state were assessed during 2006 and 2007. the bug’s discharge after feeding on the camel th...

SUMMARY Foam researchers generate large, complex, time-dependent data sets with hundreds or thousands of individual bubbles and thousands of time steps. However, no foam specific visual-ization software exists. We briefly describe foam research and its challenges and we present FoamVis, a software application that provides visualization, exploration and analysis techniques for foam research.

Metal foam heat exchangers have considerable advantages in thermal management and heat recovery over several commercially available heat exchangers. In this work, the effects of micro structural metal foam properties, such as porosity, pore and fiber diameters, tortuosity, pore density, and relative density, on the heat exchanger performance are discussed. The pertinent correlations in the lite...

Porous polyurethane foam was evaluated to replace the eight nylon meshes used as a substrate to collect nanoparticles in the Nanoparticle Respiratory Deposition (NRD) sampler. Cylindrical (25-mm diameter by 40-mm deep) foam with 110 pores per inch was housed in a 25-mm-diameter conductive polypropylene cassette cowl compatible with the NRD sampler. Pristine foam and nylon meshes were evaluated ...

Several types of foam can be found both in nature and artificial environments; yet it is rare in computer graphics due to its complexity. Modelling foam structure and dynamics by simulating the underlying bubble structure has a high computational cost. To model such a complex phenomena we need to use serious simplifications while maintaining realism and detail. In this paper we propose a method...