objective: sera from 186 sheep (93 rams and 93ewes) from tabriz, north-west of iran were evaluated for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii using a commercial elisa kit. methods: the animals were divided into two age groups (< 2 years, and > 2 years). results: antibodies to t. gondii were found in 13 of 186 sheep (6.98%). infection rate in ewes was higher than rams but this difference was not signif...

Ovarian stimulation for assisted reproductive technology is traditionally started in the early follicular phase. The essential rationale to allow timely follicle growth and oocyte pick up ensure synchronization of vitro cultured embryos with receptive period endometrium a fresh transfer cycle. Also, conventional thought suggested that recruitment happened only once around menstruation. Deeper u...

In this paper we review some recent ideas of synchronization theory. We apply this theory to study the different synchronization aspects of uni-directionally coupled pair of chaotic one-dimensional Gaussian maps.

Although the discovery that follicles in bovine ovaries grow in a wave-like fashion has presented challenges for estrus synchronization and superovulation, recent protocols, designed to control follicular function have permitted fixed-time AI or fixed-time embryo transfer with high pregnancy rates, and the initiation of superstimulatory treatments at a self-appointed time, all without the neces...

Development of methods to manipulate the estrous cycle so that all cows are in estrus during a short, predefined period (synchronized estrus) while maintaining normal fertility has been a difficult goal to achieve, but has resulted in the creation of valuable synchronization protocols that are available to producers today. Although implementation of estrus synchronization and AI will improve th...

in this paper we review some recent ideas of synchronization theory. we apply this theory to study the different synchronization aspects of uni-directionally coupled pair of chaotic one-dimensional gaussian maps.

A long standing goal of reproductive physiologists was to develop a hormonal synchronization program that could overcome the problems and limitations associated with visual detection of estrus in dairy cattle. This goal was realized in 1995 with the publication of a hormonal synchronization protocol that combined GnRH and PGF2α to control ovarian physiology and is now commonly referred to as th...

Estrus synchronization and artificial insemination (AI) remain the most important and widely applicable reproductive biotechnologies available for cattle (Seidel, 1995). Although hormonal treatment of heifers and cows to group estrous cycles has been a commercial reality now for over 30 years, beef producers until now have been slow to adopt this management practice. Perhaps this is because of ...

Estrus synchronization and artificial insemination (AI) remain the most important and widely applicable reproductive biotechnologies available for cattle (Seidel, 1995). Although hormonal treatment of heifers and cows to group estrous cycles has been a commercial reality now for over 30 years, beef producers have been slow to adopt this management practice. Perhaps this is because of past failu...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the superovulation response Beef and Dairy donor cows two differentfollicular emergence synchronization protocols. Twenty-two beef dairy were divided into groups viz.Conventional group (n=8) having four Holsteins Charolais between days 10 11 their estrouscycle IVD+EB (n=14) with six eight treated an intravaginal device (IVD) containing 1.9 g P4 + 2 mg estra...