The universal theories of integral domains and of ordered integral domains which have the amalgamation property are characterized via their existentially complete models. The results of A. Macintyre, K. McKenna, and L. van den Dries on fields and ordered fields whose complete theories permit elimination of quantifiers are then derived as easy corollaries. A. Macintyre, K. McKenna, and L. van de...

We call a field K semi-real closed if it is algebraically maximal with respect to a semi-ordering. It is proved that (as in the case of real closed fields) this is a Galois-theoretic property. We give a recursive description of all absolute Galois groups of semi-real closed fields of finite rank. I n t r o d u c t i o n By a well-known theorem of Artin and Schreier [AS], being a real closed fie...

In this paper we present the first formally verified implementations of Kyber and, to best our knowledge, such any post-quantum cryptosystem. We give a (readable) formal specification in EasyCrypt proof assistant, which is syntactically very close pseudocode description scheme as given most recent version NIST submission. high-assurance open-source written Jasmin language, along with machine-ch...

UML is known as one of the most common methods in software engineering. Since this language is semi-formal, many researches and efforts have been performed to transform this language into formal methods including Petri nets. Thus, the operation of verification and validation of the qualitative and nonfunctional parameters could be achieved with more ability. Since the majority of the real world...