Neotropical Scydmaeninae Archiconnus Franz and Parapseudoconnus Franz (with two subgenera) are re-defined and details of their morphology are illustrated. Archiconnus mexicanus Franz is placed in a separate genus Mexiconnus gen. nov. (resulting in a new combination Mexiconnus mexicanus (Franz)). The current division of Parapseudoconnus into the nominotypical subgenus and a subgenus Neuraphornim...

The Neotropical genus Alloraphes Franz belonging to the tribe Cyrtoscydmini is revised. Alloraphes is redefined based on a detailed morphological study, and Parastenichnaphes myrmecophilus (Franz) is transferred back to Alloraphes, where it was originally placed. Alloraphes jamaicae Franz, A. peruanus Franz, A. lenkoi Franz, A. yucatani Franz, A. chiapasensis Franz and A. myrmecophilus Franz, s...

Medical and pharmaceutical research has shown that liposomes are very efficient in transporting drugs to targets. In this study, we prepared six liposome formulas, three which entrapped caffeic acid (CA), with only phospholipids without CA. Determination of entrapment efficiency (EE) showed regardless the used, percentage CA was up 76%. The characterization performed using Dynamic Light Scatter...

Buccal films containing a pH modifying excipient may be able to increase bioavailability of drugs with pH-dependent solubility such as saquinavir. Access suitable in vitro drug release testing methods facilitate buccal formulation development. This study aimed explore two for characterising and elucidate the relationship between microenvironmental (pHM, i.e. around swelling films) saquinavir re...

benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) is the most common condition in aging men, associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. it is caused due to the augmented levels of the androgen dihydrotestosterone. dutasteride, a 5α-reductase inhibitor has been recommended for the treatment of bph upon oral administration. however, long term oral administration of dutasteride may cause sexual problem in man...

Delivering medicine to the general circulation through the skin is associated with grater advantages compared to that by the oral route and hence the purpose of this investigation was to study the potential of rosiglitazone maleate for transdermal delivery using passive diffusion and iontophoresis. Physicochemical parameters of rosiglitazone maleate like solubility, pKa, octanol/vehicle and ski...

Transdermal therapeutic systems (TTS) containing captopril were developed by using synthetic and pH independent polymers, Eudragit RL 100 and RS 100. The formulations were characterized in terms of their appearance, thickness, captopril content, in vitro release rate and diffusion profiles. In vitro release studies demonstrated controlled release for each formulation developed. In viro and ex v...

Objective: The proposed work was aimed to formulation, characterization and optimization of transdermal patches nanoparticles eplerenone for efficient delivery the drug. Methods: Eplerenone were formulated by casting evaporation method. Transdermal made using combinations hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), Eudragit RS 100. Physical evaluation (organoleptic properties, pH, weight uniformity, ...

Green tea leaves contain lots of polyphenols and antioxidants that can reduce cell damage prevent premature aging. extract is made in gel preparation to make it easier use increase convenience. HPMC base with propylene glycol additives drug release penetration into the skin. This study aims optimize levels green formulations using D-optimal method calculate total Franz diffusion method. The pro...

Neotropical ant-like stone beetle genera Microraphes Franz, Heteroscydmus Franz and Mimoscydmus Franz are revised. Microraphespygmaeus Franz, Heteroscydmus yapacariensis Franz and Mimoscydmus brasiliensis Franz are redescribed; Mimoscydmus baruerii Franz is transferred to a new genus Amimoscydmus gen. nov., resulting in Amimoscydmus baruerii (Franz) comb. nov. Together with the large genus Micr...