In this Letter, we present mean optical+NIR color gradient estimates for 5080 early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the grizY JHK wavebands of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) plus UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS). The color gradient is estimated as the logarithmic slope of the radial color profile in ETGs. With such a large sample size, we study the variation of the mean color gradient as a ...

Bob Palmer [1] has proposed a scheme for the capture of muons using only medium frequency RF. It comprises of a decay and drift area, where the correlation between momentum and time is formed. The beam is then bunched using RF (at a frequency near to 200 MHz) where each bunch is formed at a different average momentum. By beating two close frequencies the average momentum of each bunch can be co...

The convergence properties of the gradient descent algorithm in the case of the linear perceptron may be obtained from the response function. We derive a general expression for the response function and apply it to the case of data with simple input correlations. It is found that correlations severely may slow down learning. This explains the success of PCA as a method for reducing training tim...

We expand on a previous study of fronts in finite particle number reaction-diffusion systems in the presence of a reaction rate gradient in the direction of the front motion. We study the system via reaction-diffusion equations, using the expedient of a cutoff in the reaction rate below some critical density to capture the essential role of fluctuations in the system. For large density, the vel...

Capping of contaminated soft sediments and sludges for in situ containment provides an efficient remediation alternative. Capping design typically involves the use of geosynthetics for multiple functions, e.g., reinforcement, separation, and filtration. Filtration performance becomes a decisive factor for proper long-term performance of a cap. Because of multiple functions required, woven geote...

Introduction: A fast 3D T2 mapping technique based on two partially Spoiled Steady State Free Precession (pSSFP) gradient echo acquisitions has recently been proposed by Bieri et al. [1]. Analytical expression for the estimated T2 as a function of the experimental parameters (TR, the RF flip angle α and the RF spoiling increments φ) assumed that the condition η << T1/T2 was respected, where η =...

The Pohang Accelerator Laboratory operates an electron linac for a pulsed neutron source as one of the long-term nuclear R&D programs at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. The designed beam parameters are as follows; The nominal beam energy is 100 MeV, the maximum beam power is 10 kW, and the beam current is varied from 300 mA to 5A depends on the pulse repetition rate. The linac has t...

Experience often does not produce veridical memory. Understanding false attribution of events constitutes an important problem in memory research. "Peak shift" is a well-characterized, controllable phenomenon in which human and animal subjects that receive reinforcement associated with one sensory stimulus later respond maximally to another stimulus in post-training stimulus generalization test...

In the short-germ beetle Tribolium castaneum, waves of pair-rule gene expression propagate from the posterior end of the embryo towards the anterior and eventually freeze into stable stripes, partitioning the anterior-posterior axis into segments. Similar waves in vertebrates are assumed to arise due to the modulation of a molecular clock by a posterior-to-anterior frequency gradient. However, ...

BACKGROUND Recent studies demonstrated spatiotemporal organization in atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that waves emanating from sources in the left atrium (LA) undergo fragmentation, resulting in left-to-right frequency gradient. Our objective was to characterize impulse propagation across Bachmann's bundle (BB) and the inferoposterior pathway (IPP) during AF. METHODS AND RESULTS In...