A mong the most striking avian anatomical divergences from the typical tetrapod pattern is the reduction of the cephalic alimentary canal to a bare minimum required for food procurement, generally believed to be an adaptation for lightening the avian body for flight (1). Much of this anatomical modification involved jettisoning teeth concomitantly with the acquisition of a horny beak, the reduc...

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is often associated with major anomalies and chromosomal abnormalities. Chromosomal abnormalities are usually detected in 9.5% to 34% of fetuses with CDH prenatally diagnosed and the defect has also been reported in association with multiple syndromes such as Pallister-Killian syndrome, Fryns syndrome, Di George syndrome and Apert syndrome. Among the chromo...

Safety and efficacy of lumefantrine-artemether (Coartem(R)) for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Zambian adults Malaria Journal 2006, 5:73 doi:10.1186/1475-2875-5-73 Modest Mulenga ([email protected]) Jean-Pierre Van geertruyden ([email protected]) Lawrence Mwananyanda ([email protected]) Victor Chalwe ([email protected]) Filip Moerman (fmoer...

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis (CPL) is a rare and poorly documented disease of neonates, and is characterized by prominent and diffuse microcystic lymphatic dilation in the septal, subpleural and peribronchial tissue throughout both lungs. Although an accurate incidence of CPL is elusive, a previous autopsy study has suggested that approximately 1% of all infants stillborn or dead in th...

Consider the discrete conditional independence model M given by {X1 ⊥ X2 | X3, X1 ⊥ X3 | X2}. The intersection axiom for conditional independence can be applied with the statements of M as premises to derive the conclusion X1 ⊥ (X2, X3). But the independence axiom only holds in general when X is in the interior of the probability simplex, and it’s a natural question to ask what can be inferred ...

Background: Fryns syndrome (FS) is the commonest autosomal recessive syndrome in which congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a cardinal feature. It has been estimated that 10% of patients with CDH have FS. The autosomal recessive inheritance in FS contrasts with the sporadic inheritance for the majority of patients with CDH and renders the correct diagnosis critical for accurate genetic coun...