An electrocutaneous display system composed of three layers is implemented for augmentation of skin sensation. The first layer has electrodes on the front side of a thin plate, the second has optical sensors on the reverse side of the plate, and the third is a thin film force sensor between the other two layers. Visual images captured by the sensor are translated into tactile information, and d...

This work evaluates the effectiveness of a new type of electrode for functional electrical stimulation of the perineal muscle in women and in men. The new electrode is shaped like a pen, with an active stimulation electrode located on its tip. The goals of the study are to (i) demonstrate that stimulation using the new device results in increased muscle strength; and (ii) compare the performanc...

In this paper, the facial expression communication is mainly focused to achieve the smooth telecommunications. The gesture and facial expressions has been considered as signi cant factors in telecommunications, such as tele-services. To realize the real time communication system on facial expression, we proposed the facial expression space (FES) and a correspondence technique between each perso...