Functional neuroimaging studies are an indispensable tool in headache research and have greatly contributed to our understanding of migraine pathophysiology. The past two decades have identified the brainstem as the target region of interest in migraine pathophysiology: Recent evidence suggests that certain areas of the central nervous system and especially the brainstem periodically change act...

BACKGROUND A recent report indicated that numbers of Sutterella spp. are elevated in gastrointestinal biopsies taken from children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We have recently reported changes in the numbers of some bacteria within the stool of ASD children, and now examine whether numbers of Sutterella spp. and some other mucosa-associated bacteria linked with gastrointestinal disease...

FAPS is a distinct medical disorder, part of the group of functional gastrointestinal disorders. These disorders are characterized by chronic, recurrent, or continuous abdominal pain that is poorly related to gut function, often not well localized. They are more properly understood as an abnormal perception of normal (regulatory) gut function rather than as a motility disorder . Criteria for a ...

Functional dyspepsia is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder that can significantly erode the quality of life of sufferers and places a major cost burden on healthcare services. In this article, we review the recent literature, selecting the information we consider relevant since it has changed our clinical management of patients with functional dyspepsia.

Neuroscientists have long sought to study the dynamic activity of the human brain-what's happening in the brain, that is, while people are thinking, feeling, and acting. Ideally, an inside look at brain function would simultaneously and continuously measure the biochemical state of every cell in the central nervous system. While such a miraculous method is science fiction, a century of progress...

IMPORTANCE Recurrent abdominal pain is a prevalent health issue in childhood. Clinical criteria (ie, the Rome criteria) have been established to aid diagnosis. Studies of adults have shown an increased prevalence of celiac disease among patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); few data are available with regard to children. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of celiac disease among child...

BACKGROUND Personal relative deprivation is a negative social comparison process typified by self-comparison, negative appraisal, and resultant negative emotionality. Personal relative deprivation has been associated with poorer physical and mental health in several domains. It has been hypothesized that the deprivation-health link operates through a stress pathway. Stress has been specifically...