Background: Boron and gadolinium are among the nuclides that hold a unique property of being a neutron capture therapy agent. Neutron beams have often a considerable portion of gamma rays with fast neutrons. Gamma rays, as beam contaminants, can cause considerable damage to normal tissues even if such tissues do contain high boron concentrations. Materials and Methods: The modification of radio...

The application of ionizing radiations in different fields requires the use of equipment capable of detecting their presence or quantifying them. Detectors of the most different shapes, composition and characteristics are required to cover the full range of application of ionizing radiations. At present, thermoluminescent detectors (TLD) are the most widely employed for individual gamma monitor...

background: in neutron interaction with matter and reduction of neutron energy due to multiple scatterings to the thermal energy range, increasing the probability of thermal neutron capture by neutron captures makes dose enhancement in the tumors loaded with these materials.   objective: the purpose of this study is to evaluate dose distribution in the presence of  10 b ,  157 gd  and  33 s  ne...

Background: In neutron interaction with matter and reduction of neutron energy due to multiple scatterings to the thermal energy range, increasing the probability of thermal neutron capture by neutron captures makes dose enhancement in the tumors loaded with these materials. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate dose distribution in the presence of 10B, 157Gd and 33S neutron...

Introduction: Neutrons have many applications in various fields, such as medicine. The important application of neutron in medical science is in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Because of this, determination of neutron dose and flux is critical for the health maintaining of workers and patients exposed to this beam. The neutron radioisotope sources produce gamma rays in ...

Introduction: The Monte Carlo simulation is used to enhance reliability in the experiments related to nuclear instruments. in addition, that is used to calculate the different components of the neutron and gamma ray fluxes in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT) and neutron capture (NCT)applications. BNCT is one of the methods in radiotherapy, that is used the neutron beam for ki...

background: the aim of this work was to establish how well gel dosimeters performed, as substitutes for brain tissue compared with standard phantom materials such as water, polymethyl-methacrylate (or pmma), a150 plastic and te- liquid phantom material for dosimetry of neutron beams in boron neutron capture therapy. materials and methods: thermal neutron fluence, photon dose and epithermal neut...

The dose response of embryos of the zebrafish, Danio rerio, irradiated at 5 h post fertilization (hpf) by 2-MeV neutrons with r100 mGy was determined. The neutron irradiations were made at the Neutron exposure Accelerator System for Biological Effect Experiments (NASBEE) facility in the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Chiba, Japan. A total of 10 neutron doses ranging from 0....

tac (time to amplitude convertor) is one of the most important time measurement instrumentswhich has great significance in many fields of science, especially radiation physics. a tac unit has beendesigned based on the start-stop analog method and nim (nuclear instrument modules) standards. afterdesigning the circuit, it was simulated by pspice software and constructed by discrete and integrated...

The main detectors used for clinical dosimetry are ionisation chambers and semiconductors. Thermoluminescent (TL) dosimeters are also of interest because of their following advantages: i) wide useful dose range, ii) small physical size, iii) no need for high voltage or cables, i.e. stand alone character, and iv) tissue equivalence (LiF) for most radiation types. TL detectors can particularly be...