Lattice discretisation errors in the Landau gauge condition are examined. An improved gauge fixing algorithm in which O(a) errors are removed is presented. It is shown that O(a) errors dominate standard gauge fixing procedures and an absolute estimate of the deviation from continuum Landau gauge is given. These results emphasise the importance of implementing an improved gauge fixing condition....

Measurements are never absolutely accurate; so, it is important to estimate how the measurement uncertainty affects the result of data processing. Traditionally, this problem is solved under the assumption that the probability distributions of measurement errors are normal – or at least are concentrated, with high certainty, on a reasonably small interval. In practice, the distribution of measu...

Gauge fixing in lattice gauge theory simulations is crucial for many calculations e.g. the study of gauge dependent quantities such as the gluon propagator [1]. However, the standard lattice Landau gauge condition [2] is the same as the continuum condition, ∑ μ ∂μAμ = 0, only to leading order in the lattice spacing, a. The focus of this talk is to use mean-fieldimproved perturbation theory [3] ...

Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) is an important satellite precipitation product of Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. Quantitative information about the errors of IMERG has great significance for the data developers and end users. In order to investigate the characteristics and the source of the errors contained in IMERG, a bias-de...

The gauge-Uzawa method which has been constructed in [11] is a projection type method to solve the evolution Navier-Stokes equations. The method overcomes many shortcomings of projection methods and displays superior numerical performance [11, 12, 15, 16]. However, we have obtained only suboptimal accuracy via the energy estimate in [11]. In this paper, we study semi-discrete gauge-Uzawa method...

This study investigated the validity and reliability of fixed strain gauge measurements of isometric quadriceps force in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A total cohort of 138 patients with COPD were assessed. To determine validity, maximal volitional quadriceps force was evaluated during isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) manoeuvre via a fixed strain gauge...

In this paper we obtain a consistent estimator when there exist some measurement errors and multicollinearity in the instrumental variables in a two stage least square estimation of parameters. We investigate the asymptotic distribution of the proposed estimator and discuss its properties using some theoretical proofs and a simulation study. A real numerical application is also provided for mor...