Older people may be advised to switch from manual to automatic gear shifting, because they may have difficulties with dividing their attention between gear shifting and other driving tasks such as perceiving other traffic participants. The question is whether older drivers show a better driving performance when using automatic gear shifting instead of manual gear shifting. Twenty young and twen...

abstract i n this paper, we investigate the existence and the nature of real exchange rate misalignment in organization of the petroleum exporting countries (opec). to do this we estimated a cross country basic real exchange rate determination model for 1990-2012 and extracted historic trend of misalignment. the results imply that all opec countries have had misalignment -of different kinds tho...

Abstract One of the main cost drivers in mechanical engineering is material. In order to reduce costs, but also CO2 emissions mobile applications, increasing efforts are being made mass components. gear development, power density as ratio transmittable weight has become one key quality criteria. However, saving material usually leads lower stiffness combination with higher specific powers and a...

the main objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of exchange rate pass-through on consumer prices under exchange rate misalignment in iran during 1353-1387. for this purpose, the exchange rate misalignment has been extracted using ardl method and then the effect of exchange rate and exchange rate misalignment on cpi has been estimated. the results show that the degree of exchange r...

Recently, bicycles are used as exercising machines and traffic vehicles. Planetary gear trains can be used as the transmission systems with multi-speed for bicycles. The purpose of this work is to propose a design methodology for the design of automatic three-speed gear hubs with planetary gear trains for bicycles. First, applying the check list method (combining and extending methods), the des...

Business–IT alignment and misalignment are duality-like concepts referring to the harmony or disharmony between business and IT. The state between these two areas can be viewed either through its presence (a.k.a. alignment) or through its absence or difficulties (a.k.a. misalignment). Most of alignment studies deal with alignment achievement, while misalignment issues (detecting, analysing and ...

With the continuous development of national economy, big gear was widely applied in metallurgy and mine domains. So, big gear plays an important role in above domains. In practical production, big gear abrasion and breach take place often. It affects normal production and causes unnecessary economic loss. A kind of intelligent test method was put forward on worn big gear mainly aimed at the big...

In-line skating injuries and protective gear use were explored in a sample of college students (n = 217). A minority of respondents wore protective gear. One third of skaters had experienced at least one minor injury, and a smaller percentage had experienced fractures or head injuries. Most minor injuries occurred during the first 1-2 times skating, while more serious injuries tended to occur a...

Landing gear is one of the critical subsystems of an aircraft. The need to design landing gear with minimum weight, minimum volume, high performance, improved life, and reduced life cycle cost have posed many challenges to landing gear designers and practitioners. Further, it is essential to reduce the landing gear design and development cycle time while meeting all the regulatory and safety re...