Properties of endogenous bubbles released during the devolatilization a single biomass particle under inert conditions have been investigated by means advanced X-ray imaging techniques. Distribution void fraction showed that structure resembles classic observed in fluidized bed reactors, constituted cloud, wake and central region. A value about 0.25 for has obtained from experiments, which is a...

For a wide range of magnetic fields, 0 B 2000 a.u., we present a systematic comparative study of the performance of different types of density-functional approximations in light atoms (2 Z 6). Local, generalized-gradient approximation (GGA; semilocal), and meta-GGA ground-state exchange-correlation (xc) functionals are compared on an equal footing with exact-exchange, Hartree-Fock (HF), and cur...

Fluidized beds are used to gasify materials such as coal or biomass in the production of producer gas. Modeling these reactors using computational fluid dynamics is advantageous when performing parametric studies for design and scale-up. While two-dimensional simulations are easier to perform than threedimensional simulations, they may not capture the proper physics. This paper compares twoand ...

Pneumatic conveying, in which granular materials are transported using a gas phase, is an important industrial process for bulk particulate transport. This is usually carried out in either a dilute phase, in which the particles are effectively suspended in the gas phase, or a dense phase, in which the particles move in a bulk flow. Dense phase conveying is becoming increasingly popular as it re...

The fluidisation phenomenon is best explained by the balance of short and long range forces evaluated in a given powder assembly. The long range body forces include gravity, solid friction, buoyancy, interstitial fluid drag to include both the viscous (skin) friction and the form drag. The short-range forces, also known as particle surface-active forces can be due to physical (e.g. van der Waal...

Biomass as a clean and renewable source of energy has immense potential to aid in solving the crisis world. In order accurately predict fluidization behavior biomass particles using Eulerian–Eulerian approach kinetic theory for granular flows (KTGF), employing appropriate models that adapt irregularly shaped can precisely interaction between is crucial. this study, effects varying radial distri...

The fluidized particle-in-tube solar receiver concept is promoted as an attractive solution for heating particles at high temperature in the context of next generation power tower. Similar to most existing central receivers, irradiated part system, absorber, composed tubes which circulate particles. In this concept, bottom tip immersed a bed generated vessel named dispenser. A secondary air inj...

Abstract This work presents both an experimental and a numerical study on the effect of solid loading inlet aspect ratio cyclone performances in circulating fluidized bed process (CFB). The unit operates at ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure with air Geldart Group A glass bead particles median diameter 42.2 ?m. investigates (i.e. normalized C/Cmax from 0.014 to 0.41) (from 3 7, keeping a...