The prevalence of bipolar I is estimated to be circa 1.3% and is the same for both genders. Bipolar II, on the other hand, is more common in women.[1] Bipolar disorder in women tends to be of later onset than male counterparts. Women appear overrepresented in later onset illness (45–49 years). Of greater concern, women face major delays in treatment up to 11 years from onset, because of failure...

It has been well known that gender plays a critical role in the anatomy and function of the human brain, as well as human behaviors. Recent neuroimaging studies have demonstrated gender effects on not only focal brain areas but also the connectivity between areas. Specifically, structural MRI and diffusion MRI data have revealed substantial gender differences in white matter-based anatomical co...

Increased age and female gender are well-known risk factors for the development of desmopressin-induced hyponatremia. However, little focus has been on exploring gender differences in the antidiuretic response to desmopressin. Based on an exploratory analysis from three clinical trials, we report a significant gender difference in the effects of desmopressin on nocturnal urine volume that could...

IT IS CLEAR THAT SEX IS A key biological variable that should be considered in all basic physiological and biological research. However, despite a long history of interest in sex-based investigations, this topic has historically not been well studied. The current importance of sex research is obvious by the recent rise in articles reporting on sex-based biology across scientific journals, inclu...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that women do not accrue equal therapeutic benefit from antiplatelet medication as compared with men. The physiological mechanism and clinical implications behind this gender disparity have yet to be established. METHODS On-treatment platelet reactivity was determined in 717 men and 234 women on dual antiplatelet therapy, undergoing elective coronary...

Gender differences are being increasingly reported across psychiatric disorders. Females are known to be more at risk for developing unipolar depressive disorders. In bipolar disorder there is more dysphoria, rapid cycling and more number of depressive episodes in females. However studies on gender difference in resolution are scarce. This study was conducted in Central Institute of Psychiatry ...

Security breaches are prevalent in organizations and many of the breaches are attributed to human errors. As a result, the organizations need to increase their employees’ security awareness and their capabilities to engage in safe cybersecurity behaviors. Many different psychological and social factors affect employees’ cybersecurity behaviors. An important research question to explore is to wh...