The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an important model organism for biomedical research and genetic studies relevant to human biology and disease. Such studies are often based on high-resolution imaging of dynamic biological processes in the worm body tissues, requiring well-immobilized and physiologically active animals in order to avoid movement-related artifacts and to obtain meaningful b...

The present study examined the effects of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) deficiency on skeletal muscle atrophy in single leg-immobilized iNOS knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. The left leg was immobilized for 1 wk, and the right leg was used as the control. Muscle weight and contraction-stimulated glucose uptake were reduced by immobilization in WT mice, which was accompanied with ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of spinal immobilization on healthy participants. METHODS A systematic review of randomized, controlled trials of spinal immobilization on healthy participants. RESULTS Seventeen randomized, controlled trials compared different types of immobilization devices, including collars, backboards, splints, and body strapping. For immobilization efficacy, collars, ...

serum, but not by antiserum made against other serotypes. The complex cytoplasmic, genic, and environmental factors that determine which of the possible serotypes is manifested in a given animal were discovered by SONNEBORN (1948). The inheritance of serotypes in Paramecium has been reviewed recently by BEALE (1957). Animals of each serotype contain a single characteristic protein or immobiliza...

The response of living tissue to trauma—chemical, thermal, or mechanical—is of prime concern to the physician . This is particularly true in surgery . The body, not the surgeon, repairs wounds . The surgeon is responsible for providng optimum environmental circumstances for wound healing consistent with the surgical problems he faces . Gentleness in the handling of tissues is the first surgical...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate serial changes for histology of joint capsule and range of motion of the glenohumeral joint after immobilization in rats. We hypothesized that a rat shoulder contracture model using immobilization would be capable of producing effects on the glenohumeral joint similar to those seen in patients with frozen shoulder. METHODS Sixty-four S...

BACKGROUND: In this research inactivity was simulated by immobilizing the forearm region in a plaster cast. Changes in skeletal muscle oxidative function were measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and the preventative effect of the training protocol on deterioration of skeletal muscle and the clinical utility of NIRS were examined. METHODS: Fourteen healthy adult men underwent immob...