One of the key issues related to studies in microscale heat transfer is the ability to measure temperature at small scales. In the recent past, rapid and signiŽ cant progress has enabled temperature measurements to be made with unprecedented high spatial and temporal resolutions. This has allowed heat transfer research to enter a new regime which was previously inaccessible. This article review...

We demonstrate fluorescence thermometry techniques with sensitivities approaching 10 mK · Hz(-1/2) based on the spin-dependent photoluminescence of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. These techniques use dynamical decoupling protocols to convert thermally induced shifts in the NV center's spin resonance frequencies into large changes in its fluorescence. By mitigating interactions with n...

We demonstrate spin gradient thermometry, a new general method of measuring the temperature of ultracold atoms in optical lattices. We realize a mixture of spins separated by a magnetic field gradient. Measurement of the width of the transition layer between the two spin domains serves as a new method of thermometry which is observed to work over a broad range of lattice depths and temperatures...

We describe an approach to estimating the crystallization temperatures of diagenetic calcites using clumped-isotope thermometry, a paleothermometer based on the C–O-bond enrichment in carbonates. Application of this thermometer to calcified gastropod shells and calcite cements in an early Eocene limestone from the Colorado Plateau reveals a record of calcite precipitation and replacement at tem...

Visualization is the important means of understanding and explaining the geologic phenomena from the bore huge data sources. In this paper, taking the geologic exploration engineering as research objects, the authors discuss the three-dimensional geologic phenomena, propose a blended data model integrated vector and raster data, analyze the necessity and technique route of visualization, and se...

Background/introduction Many applications of thermal therapy would benefit from temperature distribution measurements with high spatial and temporal resolution that cover a large 3D volume. Although MRI can acquire 3D temperature measurements, it is not possible to obtain fully sampled 3D MRI measurements that cover the insonified field of view with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution fo...