STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE Endplate lesions though have been implicated in the genesis of lumbar disc herniation (LDH), very little is known regarding their clinical course. Thus, the present study is aimed to investigate the incidence and types of endplate failure (EPF) in LDH and its correlation with the clinical symptoms and prognosis. METHODS Clinical and magnetic ...

Geometry is a base tool for establishing unity in Iranian architecture and is always considered by architects due to the discipline and rule that gives architecture to architecture. The architecture of the house in terms of its specific functional role, sought to adapt the geometrical principles to the best possible shape and achieve the proper understanding of the proportions and proportions o...

A lesion of the lumbar posterior endplate is sometimes identified in the spinal canal of children and adolescents; it causes symptoms similar to those of a herniated disc. However, the pathology of the endplate lesion and the pathology of the herniated disc are different. We present a rare case of a 23-year-old woman who developed progressive palsy of the lower leg caused by huge lumbar posteri...

BACKGROUND The intervertebral disc (IVD) is dependent on nutrient provision through a cartilage layer with underlying subchondral bone, analogous to joint cartilage. In the joint, subchondral bone remodeling has been associated with osteoarthritis (OA) progression due to compromised nutrient and gas diffusion and reduced structural support of the overlaying cartilage. However, subchondral bone ...

Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability in the elderly. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) was considered as the main cause for LBP. Degeneration of cartilaginous endplate was a crucial harmful factor during the initiation and development of IDD. Oxidative stress was implicated in IDD. However, the underlying molecular mechanism for the degeneration of cartilaginous endplate ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the fundamental relationships between cervical intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, endplate calcification, and the patency of endplate marrow contact channels (MCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty cervical IVDs were excised from 30 human cadavers. After sectioning the specimens underwent micro computed tomography (microCT) - from all images t...

Conotoxin GI, a peptide neurotoxin contained in the venom of the marine snail Conus geographus, was applied to the cutaneous pectoris muscle of the frog, and the effects on the postsynaptic response to acetylcholine were examined. Conotoxin GI reversibly blocked nerve-evoked muscle contractions at concentrations greater than or equal to 3 to 4 microM. Micromolar concentrations of conotoxin GI s...

Using double staining method of succinic dehydrogenase and cholinesterase, the structural differences of motor endplate in the red, the white and the intermediate muscle fibers of the mouse limb muscles were observed. The endplate of the white fiber had a large size and complicated interlacing structure. The endplate of the red fiber had a small size, simple and compact structure. The endplate ...

A better understanding of functional changes in the intervertebral disc (IVD) and interaction with endplate is essential to elucidate the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration disease (IDDD). To date, the simultaneous depiction of 3D micro-architectural changes of endplate with aging and interaction with IVD remains a technical challenge. We aim to characterize the 3D morphology changes of endplate ...