BACKGROUND While it is well established that very preterm birth (gestational age at birth <32 weeks) is related to increased attention problems, there is still considerable uncertainty of the effects of moderate or late preterm birth or smallness for gestational age (SGA) on attention regulation. AIMS To investigate the impact of gestational age at birth and SGA, birth on child attention prob...

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of using smokeless tobacco during pregnancy on babies' birth weight and gestational age at birth. DESIGN Population based, prospective cohort study using a house to house approach. SETTING Eight primary health post areas in the city of Mumbai (Bombay), India. PARTICIPANTS 1217 women who were three to seven months pregnant and planning to deliver in the study ...

OBJECTIVE We sought to study whether the association between being born small for gestational age and risk for low intellectual performance was modified by gestational age. METHODS A population-based cohort study was conducted of 352,125 boys who were born between 28 and 43 completed weeks of gestation from 1973 to 1981 in Sweden. Risk for low intellectual performance at military conscription...

BACKGROUND Knowledge of accurate gestational age is required for comprehensive pregnancy care and is an essential component of research evaluating causes of preterm birth. In industrialised countries gestational age is determined with the help of fetal biometry in early pregnancy. Lack of ultrasound and late presentation to antenatal clinic limits this practice in low-resource settings. Instead...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of gestational age and birth weight on brain volumes in a population-based sample of normal developing children at the age of 9 years. STUDY DESIGN A total of 192 children from twin births were included in the analyses. Data on gestational age and birth weight were reported shortly after birth. Total brain, cerebellum, cerebrum, gray and white matter, and later...

AIMS We aim to evaluate the association of maternal gestational oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose concentrations with anthropometry in the offspring from birth to 12 months in Tianjin, China. METHODS A total of 27,157 pregnant women underwent OGTT during 26-30 weeks gestation, and their children had body weight/length measured from birth to 12 months old. RESULTS Maternal OGTT gluc...

BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to organophosphate (OP) insecticides, a widely used class of pesticides, may be associated with decreased gestational age and lower birth weight. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in paroxanase (PON1) enzyme genotypes may modify the relationships between OP exposure and perinatal outcomes. OBJECTIVE We examined the relationship of prenatal OP insecticide exposure, m...

BACKGROUND Maternal folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin B-6 concentrations during pregnancy have been shown to influence birth outcomes, but the evidence is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the associations of maternal B-vitamin status with gestational age, birth weight, and length in a birth cohort study in Singapore. METHODS Maternal blood samples (n = 999) collected during weeks...

Birth weight and gestational age are important measures of a newborn's intrinsic health, serving both as outcome measures and explanatory variables in health studies. The measures are highly correlated but occasionally inconsistent. We anticipate that health researchers and other scientists would be helped by summary indexes of birth weight and gestational age that give more precise indications...