We used the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM, version 4.0) to estimate net primary production (NPP) in China for contemporary climate and NPP responses to elevated CO2 and climate changes projected by three atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs): Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), Geophysical Fluid Dynamic Laboratory (GFDL) and Oregon State University (OSU). For contemporary cli...

Abstract This study examines the climatology and dynamics of atmospheric blocking, general circulation features that influence blocks in GFDL’s atmosphere-only (AM4) coupled atmosphere–ocean (CM4) comprehensive models. We compare AM4 CM4 with reanalysis, focusing on winter Northern Hemisphere. Both models generate correct blocking planetary-scale signatures stationary wave. However, at regional...

[1] We use a 20-year record of HIRS radiance measurements to evaluate the fidelity of interannual co-variability of tropical humidity and temperature in the reanalyses and GFDL AM2 simulations. Large inconsistencies between the NCEP and ECMWF reanalyses are found as are disagreements between the reanalyses and AM2 simulations. The largest discrepancies occur in the middle and upper troposphere ...

Caron, Alexis, Patrick Menu, Béatrice Faivre-Fiorina, Pierre Labrude, Abdu Alayash, and Claude Vigneron. Systemic and renal hemodynamics after moderate hemodilution with HbOCs in anesthetized rabbits. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 278: H1974–H1983, 2000.—Hbbased O2-carrying solutions (HbOCs) have been developed as red blood cell substitutes for use in patients undergoing hemodilution. Various...

Introduction: The impact of climate change on food production in South Africa is likely to increase due low rainfall and frequent droughts, resulting insecurity the future. use well-calibrated validated crop models with data important for assessing impacts developing adaptation strategies. In this study, decision support system agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT) model was used predict yield using ...

The scheme of computing the temperature change due to long wave radiation, developed by Manabe and Strickler and incorporated into the general circulation models developed at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory of ESSA, is compared with a group of other numerical schemes for computing radiative temperature change (e.g., the scheme of Rodgers and Walshaw). It is concluded that the GFDL rad...

Space-time cross spectra are experimentally estimated from given sinusoidal waves by use of the multivariate maximum entropy method. This method gives not only power spectra but also cospectra, phase difference and coherence with fine frequency resolutions from short time records. As an example of its application, a space-time spectral analysis is made of external Rossby waves simulated by a GF...

Clement et al. (Reports, 24 July 2009, p. 460) provided observational evidence for systematic relationships between variations in marine low cloudiness and other climatic variables and found that most current-generation climate models were deficient in reproducing such relationships. Our analysis of one of these models (GFDL CM2.1), using more complete model output, indicates better agreement w...

AffiliAtions: Guilyardi—loceaN/iPSl, Paris, france and NcaS-ciimate, university of reading, reading, united Kingdom; cai—cSiro, aspendale, victoria, australia; collins—university of exeter, exeter, united Kingdom; FEdorov—Yale university, New Haven, connecticut; jin— university of Hawaii at manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii; KuMar and sun—Noaa/eSrl, Boulder, colorado; WittEnbErG—Noaa/ gfdl, Princeton, Ne...