Garg, Gentry and Halevi (GGH) described the first candidate multilinear maps using ideal lattices. However, Hu and Jia recently presented an efficient attack for two applications based on the GGH map, multipartite Diffie-Hellman key exchange and an instance of witness encryption using 3-exact cover problem. In this paper, we describe a modification construction of multilinear maps from ideal la...

BACKGROUND Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a rare type of malignant neoplasm that develops in the anterior mediastinum and associated with poor prognosis. Type B3 thymoma (B3) occasionally demonstrates malignant tumor characteristics, especially in the advanced stage. We investigated the expressions of tumor-related genes in resected TC and B3 specimens. METHODS TC and B3 specimens resected from 199...

In this paper, we present a new lattice-based public-key cryptosystem mixed with a knapsack, which has reasonable key size and quick encryption and decryption. The module strategy in our cryptosystem can also be used to construct a framework for some GGH-type cryptosystems to improve their security.

We extend the recent zeroizing attacks of Cheon et al. on multilinear maps to some settings where no encodings of zero below the maximal level are available. Some of the new attacks apply to the CLT scheme (resulting in total break) while others apply to the GGH scheme (resulting in a weak-DL attack).

Metallopeptides containing both the complex Cu(2+)-glycyl-glycyl-histidine (Cu-GGH) and the sequence WRWYCR were shown to possess antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogenic bacteria, as well as bind to and cleave a variety of nucleic acids, suggesting potential mechanisms for antimicrobial activity that involve binding and/or irreversible cleavage of bacterial nucleic acids.

BACKGROUND To identify factors related to relapse sites, we carried out an exploratory biomarker analysis of data from the Adjuvant Chemotherapy Trial of TS-1 for Gastric Cancer study, which is a randomized, controlled trial comparing postoperative adjuvant S-1 therapy with surgery alone in 1,059 patients with stage II/III gastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Surgical specimens from 829 patie...

BACKGROUND Folate is an essential nutrient that supports nucleotide synthesis and biological methylation reactions. Diminished folate status results in chromosome breakage and is associated with several diseases, including colorectal cancer. Folate status is also inversely related to plasma homocysteine concentrations -- a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE We sought to gain fu...

As a modified version of GGH map, Gu map-1 was successful in constructing multi-party key exchange (MPKE). In this short paper we present a result about the parameter setting of Gu map-1, therefore we can reduce a key parameter τ from original O(n) down to O(λn) (in theoretically secure case, where λ is the security parameter), and even down to O(2n) (in computationally secure case). Such optim...