objectives: attached gingival width (agw) is an important marker for diagnosis of periodontal disease and normal gingival sulcus depth (gsd) is a sign of healthy periodontium. the aim of this study was to determine the agw and gsd in3-15 year-olds with three dentition systems in isfahan in 2001.   methods: a total of 360 students (120 students in each system) eligible for this cross sectional s...

The onset and progressive pathogenesis of periodontal disease is thought to be initiated by the entry of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) into periodontal tissue, especially gingival epithelium. Nonetheless, the mechanism underlying such bacterial entry remains to be clarified. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the possible role of Aa outer membrane protein 29 kD (Omp29), a h...

PURPOSE Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are capable of degrading extracellular matrix, and they are inducible enzymes depending on an inflammatory environment such as periodontitis and bacterial infection in periodontal tissue. Gingival inflammation has been postulated to be correlated with the production of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The objective of this study was to quantify the expression and activi...

The objective of this prospective study was to investigate outcomes of a lip repositioning technique for the treatment of excessive gingival display by limiting the retraction of the elevator smile muscles. One of the most important goals of clinicians is to meet the esthetic expectations of the patients. Excessive gingival display during smiling is defined as gummy smile; and lip repositioning...

statement of problem: in recent years, numerous reports have been presented in the literature, about gingival overgrowth induced by nifedipine- a calcium antagonist- prescribed for hypertension and certain types of angina. purpose: the purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence rate of nifedipine induced gingival hyperplasia in patients and its probable relationship with age...

BACKGROUND An investigation of the mechanisms underlying the production of inflammatory cytokines through the stimulation of microorganisms on gingival epithelial cells may provide insights into the pathogenesis of the initiation of periodontitis. Lipid rafts, microdomains in the cell membrane, include a large number of receptors, and are centrally involved in signal transduction. We herein exa...

This article, via two clinical cases, describes a micro-surgical treatment protocol that combines a connective tissue graft with a supra-periosteal tunnel technique for correction of recession defects in the mandible. We propose a treatment rationale where the connective tissue graft is voluntarily exposed on the root surface using controlled exposure, resulting in predictable keratinized tissu...

The Gram-negative bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is part of the HACEK group that causes infective endocarditis, a constituent of the oral flora that promotes some forms of periodontal disease and a member of the family of species that secrete a cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt). The family of bacteria that express the cdt genes participate in diseases that involve the disruptio...

Periodontitis, which is widespread in the adult population, is a persistent bacterial infection associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis. Gingival epithelial cells are among the first cells encountered by both P. gingivalis and commensal oral bacteria. The chemokine interleukin 8 (IL-8), a potent chemoattractant and activator of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, was secreted by gingival epithelial ...