Six Alabama Satsuma mandarin orchards (four conventionally sprayed and two unsprayed) were surveyed during 2005 and 2006 to determine the population dynamics of arthropod pests and their natural enemies. Twenty-eight arthropod pest species were encountered; the major foliage pests were citrus whitefly, Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead); purple scale, Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman); Glover scale, L. glo...

Scatter search (SS) and path relinking (PR) are evolutionary methods that have been successfully applied to a wide range of hard optimization problems. The fundamental concepts and principles of the methods were first proposed in the 1970s and 1980s, and were based on formulations, dating back to the 1960s, for combining decision rules and problem constraints. The methods use strategies for sea...

This article collection is a response to the rapid acceleration of research interest in ‘motherhood online’, defined here as field concerned with production and reception digital media that produced by mothers and/or about motherhood, related issues maternal identities, communities or practices. It contributes this study presenting selection six articles examine these concerns from discourse an...

The importance of the analogue part in integrated electronic systems cannot be overstressed. Despite its eminence, and unlike the digital design, the analogue design has not so far been automated to a great extent, mainly due to its towering complexity (Dastidar et al., 2005). Analogue sizing is a very complicated, iterative and boring process whose automation is attracting great attention (Med...

Robert Mortimer Glover (1815-1859) was a contemporary of John Snow and James Young Simpson. Although he did not reach the standing of those two giants, his researches, writings and lectures were important contributions to the early development of British anaesthesia. Glover was the first to explore the physiological action of chloroform in the laboratory and to discover its anaesthetic effect i...

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