Job strain is a major concern in view of its effects among civil servants associated with job burnout, mental fatigue and chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the job strain level among civil servants and examine the effect of job strain on job burnout, mental fatigue and the resulting chronic diseases. A cross-sectional study with a representative sample consisting of 50...

The importance of e-government (EG) has been widely recognized. However, we know little about the civil servants’ collective actions in EG development. This paper examines the collective action problems of getting civil servants to cooperating in EG developing process, to understand the so-called “free-riding” behavior of servants. In particularly, we propose that information literacy is a crit...

Morality dignifies and elevates. When Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit, God said "Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil" (Gen. 3:22). In many of the world's religious traditions, the good go up, to heaven or a higher rebirth, and the bad go down, to hell or a lower rebirth. Even among secular people, moral motives are spoken of as the "highest" and "noblest" motives,...

The article analyzes the activities of literacy schools created by Ekaterinburg Diocesan Committee Orthodox Missionary Society in Verkhotursky uyezd Perm province: their financial and material support, methods educational work, level training support teachers. For spread Orthodoxy among settled Mansi, committee four schools: 1887 — village Lacha, 1888 Lopaeva, 1890 Mityaeva, 1891 Petrova. “Vogu...

The issue of servants’ acts is one the most controversial issues in Islamic thought and helped to sharpen characteristics differences between theological schools, mainly due its relation taklīf responsibility. Therefore, understandings this revealed divine justice wisdom, as well interpretations fate destiny. 
 One noteworthy theories that Ibn ‘Arabī (d. 638/1240) his followers, who attemp...