Hägel’s book is timely. As economic inequality has been on the rise, increasing number of billionaires and their political activities have come under public scrutiny. The contributes to such scrutiny allows ask questions about responsibility, accountability, legitimacy. It also adds scholarship individuals in world politics. Our comment provides a critical discussion two specific aspects analys...

This article focuses on the confrontation that broke out sometime in 709 or 710 CE between a hundred men led by members of Banū Fahm and Umayyad governor Egypt, Qurra b. Sharīk. After presenting case question, explains who participated conflict, what their motives expectations were, how failure these resulted with his troops. I suggest although early Muslim historians depicted conflict religiou...