The thermophilic, anaerobic, propionate-oxidizing bacterial populations present in the methanogenic granular sludge in a thermophilic (55 degrees C) upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor were studied by cultivation and in situ hybridization analysis. For isolation of propionate-degrading microbes, primary enrichment was made with propionate as the sole energy source at 55 degrees C. After sev...

The chemical and petrochemical industries produce wastewaters containing ammonium and phenolic compounds. Biological treatment of these wastewaters could be problematic due to the possible inhibitory effects exerted by phenolic compounds. The feasibility of performing simultaneous nitritation and p-nitrophenol (PNP) biodegradation using a continuous aerobic granular reactor was evaluated. A nit...

High-rate anaerobic digestion can be applied in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors for the treatment of various wastewaters. In upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors, sludge retention time is increased by a natural immobilization mechanism (viz. the formation of a granular type of sludge). When this sludge is cultivated on acid-containing wastewater, the granules mainly consist of an a...

The Sulfate reduction, Autotrophic denitrification and Nitrification Integrated (SANI) process is a sulfur cycle-based biological carbon and nitrogen removal process that has been developed in Hong Kong to close the loop between the hybrid water supply and saline sewage treatment. The major bioreactor of this new technology is a Sulfate-Reducing Up-flow Sludge Bed (SRUSB) that convers organics ...

Abstract An increasing amount of industrial chemicals are being released into wastewater collection systems and indigenous microbial communities in treatment plants not always effective for their removal. In this work, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) recovered from aerobic granular sludge (AGS) were used as a natural carrier to immobilize specific strain, Rhodococcus sp. FP1, able degr...

This study was conducted to investigate the toxicity of six electroplating metals on the H(2)-producing activity of a granular sludge sampled from an H(2)-producing upflow reactor treating sucrose-containing wastewater. The H(2) production activities of the sludge were measured in serum vials using wastewater containing not just sucrose and proper nutrient, but also individual heavy metals at c...

Biological processes, such as activated sludge and granular sludge are widely used to remove organic pollutants as well as inorganic pollutants, such as metallic elements1–3, which are known to be potentially toxic, and impact the performance of biological waste treatment processes4. Granular sludge is a dense aggregate of microorganisms, minerals, and microbial produced compounds such as extra...

A fluidized-pellet-bed separator with movable sludge hoppers was applied in pilot scale for the separation and thickening of activated sludge mixture liquid. Under the condition of suspension SS around 4,000 mg/L, polymer (CJX103, cationic, MW 5 × 106) dose at a dry solid ratio of 0.003 and upward flow rate at 5.4 m/hr, the fluidized pellet bed performed solid/liquid separation and sludge thick...

The performance of an EGSB (expanded granular sludge bed) reactor type using flocculent sludge was evaluated for the post-treatment of effluent from UASB reactor treating domestic sewage. A pilot-scale 157.5-L EGSB reactor was monitored during a 331-day period. The original concept of the EGSB reactor was based on the granular sludge use and by applying high upflow liquid velocities (vup). Howe...