A 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to evaluate effects of dam winter grazing system and supplementation in the last third of gestation on subsequent BW gain, feed efficiency, and reproduction in heifer progeny. Crossbred cows (yr 1, n = 109; yr 2, n = 114; yr 3, n = 116) grazed range (WR) or corn residue (CR) during winter and within grazing treatment received 0.40 kg/d of 31%...

Managing grasslands to sequester carbon is of global importance, but effects grazing on soil organic (SOC) stocks remain uncertain. We quantified livestock (grazed or not for 9−26 yr) and texture SOC (kg × m−2) 20 sites in a temperate grassland. also the concentration bulk density. Percent sand explained considerable amount variation stock (r2 = 0.45 0.59). In addition, were 12% less areas rest...

A modified litter-bag method was used to measure plant fineroot decomposition in relation to biomass quality in a mixedgrass prairie. Measurements were made during three years on moderately and heavily grazed pastures that had been under cattle grazing for 17 years prior to sampling. Although we found no significant difference in initial fine-root litter quality between grazing treatments, nitr...

The effects of grazing winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) by Canada geese (Branta canadensis) was assessed in 3 fields during 2 years of experimentation at the Wye Research and Education Center, Queenstown, Maryland. Randomly placed wire enclosures prevented goose grazing on 11.1 m sq. control plots. Grazed plots were marked in each field soon after the geese migrated in March. Grazed plots had c...

Proper grazing management reduces ET from grasslands by reducing transpiration losses and grazingManagement of forage production for livestock grazing on semiarid induced surface energy relationships that reduce evapograsslands depends on water availability. Evapotranspiration (ET) ration (Svejcar and Christiansen, 1987; Wraith et al., was measured using the Bowen ratio energy balance method on...

We examined long-term (10 years) meadow plant community responses to (1) livestock grazing under riparian grazing utilization limits; (2) suspension of livestock grazing; and (3) meadow site wetness and precipitation on the Inyo National Forest, California. Observed trends in meadow plant species richness, diversity, and frequency of soil stabilizing species were not significantly different bet...

Plants optimise their resistance to herbivores by regulating deterrent responses on demand. Induction of anti-herbivory defences can occur directly in grazed plants or from emission of risk cues to the environment, which modifies interactions of adjacent plants with, for instance, their consumers. This study confirmed the induction of anti-herbivory responses by water-borne risk cues between ad...