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the covert and clear rivalry of russia and us after the cold war era has continued by now. the countries that have independent forms of russia were one of the basic centers of rivalry between the two states. for us influence in the countries is in its great and long strategic interest that has tried to influence the nato. but at the other hand, the manner of us is known as a threat for russia a...

this essay tries to study the reflection of iran- iraq war in four relatively important and referable encyclopedias (wikipedia, inkarta, conflicts encyclopedia, and britanica). it compares these four encyclopedias' towards the origins of the war, the aggressor, great powers' role, and its results. obviously, knowing other countries' (specially their scientific scholars') att...

Friends of Grover Powers. The late Daniel Darrow, a long-time and dis. tinguished member of your faculty, in 1946, on dedicating his first 76 sci. entific papers in a bound volume to Grover Powers, inscribed it as follows: "To Grover F. Powers, whose faith in people made this work possible." Faith in people is perhaps the best way to characterize Grover Powers' basic attitude in life and this f...

the main purpose of this article is to investigate the role of the great powers in the eight- year's old war between iran and iraq. due to the nature of the various variables involved in this study, we have to employ political as well as international theories. because of the effect on international political order on this war, it was realized that the approach taken by the neorealism incl...

this article discusses the german, ottoman and british rivalries to dominate the oil lands of caucasia just after the bolshevik revolution of russia and surveys the impact of above-mentioned rivalries on the general situation of region. hence, the strategic importance of the region will be discussed from the viewpoints of the three great powers. furthermore, the main military force of britain i...

Chinese rapid growth in the economy is compelling its investment enhancing and expanding military modernization. Defensive compulsions amplify gradual tilt towards complementing technological advancements sphere. For this purpose, China undergoing a process of robust This paper aims to dissect China’s modernization under leadership President Xi. It comprises three portions. The first part theor...