the impact of three different fabaceous host plants including cowpea (vigna unguiculata), chickpea (cicer arietinum), and mung bean (vigna radiata) seeds was investigated using biochemical approaches on possible changes of gut proteolytic activity of the cowpea weevil, callosobruchus maculatus at 30±1˚c and 70±5% rh and a photoperiod of 8:16 (l:d). results revealed that ph of 4-5 and 9 was opti...

Gastrointestinal (GI) pH has been measured in 66 normal subjects using a pH sensitive radiotelemetry capsule passing freely through the gastrointestinal tract. Signals were recorded with a portable solid state receiver and recording system, enabling unconstrained measurements with normal ambulatory activities for up to 48 h during normal GI transit. Capsule position in the gut was monitored by ...

introduction: this investigation was undertaken to examine chemical nature of glycoconjugate components on the surface of developing rat intestinal cells during gut histogenesis. materials and methods: rat embryos at days 10-12 of gestation was fixed in b4g and processed for lectinhistochemistry. 5m paraffin sections were incubated with 10-15 ?g/ml solution of hrp/lecti ns from arachis hypogaea...

INTRODUCTION Increased intestinal hydration by activation of the epithelial enzyme linked receptor guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) is a pharmacological principle for treating constipation. Activating mutations in the GUCY2C gene encoding GC-C cause Familial GUCY2C diarrhea syndrome (FGDS) which has been diagnosed with severe dysmotility. AIM To investigate gut motility and hormones before and afte...

Hydrogen gas, which is produced during fermentation in the human colon, is either excreted in breath or metabolised by gut bacteria through a variety of pathways. These may include methanogenesis, dissimilatory sulphate reduction, and acetogenesis. To determine which of these routes predominates in the large intestine, stools were taken from 30 healthy subjects and incubated as 5% (w/v) slurrie...

1 Patients and animals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit profound alterations in 2 the gut environment including shifts in microbial composition, increased fecal pH, and increased 3 blood levels of gut microbe-derived metabolites (xeno-metabolites). The fermentable dietary 4 fiber—high amylose maize resistant starch type 2 (HAMRS2)—has been shown to alter the gut 5 milieu, and in CKD ra...

Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, an abundant commensal of the human gut, degrades numerous complex carbohydrates. Recently, it was reported to grow on a β-2,6-linked polyfructan levan produced by Zymomonas mobilis degrading the polymer into fructooligosaccharides (FOS) with a cell surface bound endo-levanase BT1760. The FOS are consumed by B. thetaiotaomicron, but also by other gut bacteria, inclu...

Slowing of intestinal transit by fat is abolished by immunoneutralization of peptide YY (PYY), demonstrating a key role for this gut peptide. How PYY slows intestinal transit is not known. We tested the hypothesis that the slowing of intestinal transit by PYY may depend on an ondansetron-sensitive serotonergic pathway and a naloxone-sensitive opioid pathway. In a fistulated dog model, occluding...

Rogers Brambell (1901–1970), the father of the field of FcRn biology, was by all accounts a scientist of great imagination and insight, one whom we would look to, were he available, for opinions on our current scientific direction. Were we to ask him, in a moment of fantasy, to review recent progress in his field, we think he would say that we have gone astray, that we have become confused abou...