Golestān Palace is the remnant of the historic citadel of Tehran, which dates back to the Safavid period, and the Zandiyeh and Fatḥ-Ali Shah Qajar. But because of extensive repairs by Nasser al-Din Shah in 1905, most of the buildings in this complex are regarded to be from the Nasseri era. Golestān Palace was the residence of the Qajar kings and the country’s administrative heart whose architec...

 The Safavid Era is considered as the golden age of Iranian carpet history, which in addition to beauty of pattern, motif and color, has yielded worthwhile concepts on its carpets. The lion motif is one of those motifs on carpets of Safavid Era which have been depicted as both a prey and a hunter. Repetition of, and emphasis on this motif, which contains diverse concepts and senses in Iran...

Brocaded textile is made of gold or silver threads. This textile was produced during the Achaemenid period and in the Sassanid era, various designs were added, hence the evolution of this fabric proceeded. It was very much considered in the Timurid period with decorative effects and then was influenced by the narrative and illustrative aspects of Persian painting. With the domination of human i...

Golestān Palace is the remnant of the historic citadel of Tehran, which dates back to the Safavid period, and the Zandiyeh and Fatḥ-Ali Shah Qajar. But because of extensive repairs by Nasser al-Din Shah in 1905, most of the buildings in this complex are regarded to be from the Nasseri era. Golestān Palace was the residence of the Qajar kings and the country’s administrative heart whose architec...

From the middle of the Safavid era, with the expansion of relations with the West, European landscapes were used in various ways in the composition of paintings called “FARANGI-SAZI”. In this article, by adopting a hermeneutic approach, the epistemological context necessary for the emergence of “landscape painting” as an independent genre in European painting has been studied and then the trans...