potential propagated by axons. There are two other types of action potentials: (i) the Na!/Ca2!-dependent action potential present in axon terminals or heart muscle cells (Figure 4.2d), for example, where it is responsible for Ca2! entry and an increase of intracellular Ca2! concentration, a necessary prerequisite for neurotransmitter release (secretion) or muscle fibre contraction; and (ii) th...

OBJECTIVE To quantify associations of chronic kidney disease stages with major cardiovascular disease and non-vascular mortality in the general adult population. DESIGN Prospective population based cohort study. SETTING Reykjavik, Iceland. PARTICIPANTS 16 958 people aged 33-81 years without manifest vascular disease and with available information on stage of chronic kidney disease (define...

The idea of automatic generation of data entry forms based on data relational models is a common and known idea that has been discussed day by day more than before according to the popularity of agile methods in software development accompanying development of programming tools. One of the requirements of the automation methods, whether in commercial products or the relevant research projects, ...

For certain database tasks that require great exibility, some people are turning to a new kind of data representation in which the database is not constrained by a schema. Instead, each component of the database carries its own description, which is independent of other components. Systems like ACeDB, which has become very popular with biologists, and the recent Tsimmis proposal for data integr...

Although CPT-I (carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I) is generally regarded to present a major rate-controlling site in mitochondrial beta-oxidation, it is incompletely understood whether CPT-I is rate-limiting in the overall LCFA (long-chain fatty acid) flux in the heart. Another important site of regulation of the LCFA flux in the heart is trans-sarcolemmal LCFA transport facilitated by CD36 and ...

BACKGROUND Since evidence of a long-term association between routine blood count (Coulter) variables and coronary heart disease (CHD) is inconsistent, the authors analysed white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin (Hgb), packed cell volume (PCV) and platelet count for their long-term associations with CHD mortality in the first Northwick Park Heart Study (NPHS-I). NP...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by sustained vasoconstriction, enhanced vasoreactivity and vascular remodeling, which leads to right heart failure and death. Despite several treatments are available, many forms of PH are still incurable. Ginsenoside Rb1, a principle active ingredient of Panax ginseng, exhibits multiple pharmacological effects on cardiovascular system, an...

OBJECTIVE To determine the validity of an electronic health record (EHR) in the identification of patients with left ventricular dysfunction in a primary care setting. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Nine clinics participating from the Providence Research Network (PRN) comprising 75 physicians serving approximately 200,000 patients. All clinics utilise the Logician EHR for all patie...