In this work, we consider a graphene-like background in braneworld scenario which is one of the interesting models in cosmology and theoretical physics. Indeed, this paper is an application of holography in condense matter. We use the geometric form of potential which help to obtain field equations and solve it to obtain the energy spectrum. In that case we calculate superpotential and energy d...

We derive the zero-and-finite-temperature dispersion-forces in terms of changes in the zero-point energy of the electromagnetic normal modes of the system. At finite temperature the Helmholtz free energy of interaction determines the force. We express this energy in two complementary ways; in the first as a discrete summation over complex frequencies, Matsubara frequencies; in the second as an ...

We study the role of fluctuations in single molecule experimental measurements of force-extension (f-zeta) curves. We use the worm-like chain (WLC) model to bring out the connection between the Helmholtz ensemble characterized by the free energy [F(zeta)] and the Gibbs ensemble characterized by the free energy [G(f)] . We consider the rigid rod limit of the WLC model as an instructive special c...

the armaticity of 5 methylcytosine tautomers in the gas phase has been studied and the chemical structures of related tautomers are investigated . the electronic energy, enthalpy and free energy of each tautomer are also estimated at the b3lyp/6-31 g* // b3lyp/6-31 g* and mp2 / 6-31 g* // mp2 / 6-31 g* levels

As an example of the type of prediction which can be made using this type of simple model, consider the following experiment: Pull on both ends of a polymer and measure the force f required to stretch it out2 . Note that the force will be given by f = −(∂F/∂R) where F = U − TS is the Helmholtz free energy (T is the temperature, U is the internal energy, and S is the entropy). In the simplest ra...

This paper focuses on modeling of a coupled magnetoelastic problem. The model for magnetostriction is developed for isotropic ferromagnetic materials commonly used in electrical machines. The constitutive equations of the model are written on the basis of the Helmholtz free energy in which the strain tensor and the magnetic flux density vector are chosen as the basic variables. Numerical soluti...

We compute the 2n-point coupling constants in the high-temperature phase of the 2d Ising model by using transfer-matrix techniques. This provides the first few terms of the expansion of the effective potential (Helmholtz free energy) and of the equation of state in terms of the renormalized magnetization. By means of a suitable parametric representation, we determine an analytic extension of th...