This paper evaluates the impact of access to groundwater on poverty using data from rural India. The estimation exploits the fact that the technology required to access groundwater changes exogenously due to constraints imposed by laws of physics at a depth of eight meters. I find that rural poverty in areas where depth from surface is below the cutoff is 9 to10 percent higher. Using survey dat...

rural tourism is one of the factures of industrial tourism that due to existing natural and culture of the zone villages it can have an important role on the reviving of the villages and by creating now occupations for the villages and by protecting natural, cultural and historical heritage of the zone and finally providing these village with a constant development ,they can a better income too...

Traditional villages are a valuable cultural asset that occupy an important position in Chinese traditional culture. This study focuses on 206 Hebei Province and aims to explore their spatial distribution characteristics influencing factors using ArcGIS analysis. The analysis shows were distributed clusters during different historical periods, eventually formed three core Shijiazhuang, Zhangjia...

This paper introduces the idea of a non-kinship-based Universal-family firm, an organizational form we developed based on interpreting historical writings in their socio-economic context. We analyzed Luke’s gospel with an eye toward drawing implications for the stewardship-agency debate in the contemporary family business literature. Our paper makes contributions at two important levels. In add...

For quantitative determination of lignin, we have invasive (gravimetric determination i. e. ASTM, TAPPI, SCAN) and non-invasive methods on our disposal. Invasive methods are not suitable for historical documents. On the other hand, several spectroscopic techniques are in use, based on IR and UV spectroscopy. The absorption of light of λ > 300 310 nm by pure cellulose is minimal and most UVspect...