After removal of total B subunit and heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) from crude cell extracts of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (HB 101-EWD 299) by Bio-gel A 5 m column chromatography, the crude cell extract was shown to contain a free A subunit (A' subunit) that did not bind to the coligenoid of the B subunits. The A' subunit was found to be immunologically identical to the A subunit of holo-LT...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous studies have suggested that delayed release of hemoglobin degradation products, particularly iron, is involved in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced brain injury. However, a recent study found evidence of iron-induced brain injury soon after ICH. This study, therefore, examined whether another iron-containing component of blood, holo-transferrin (holo-Tf), mi...

related markers are early and responsive indicators of changes in vitamin B 12 status. Some indication of the size of what constitutes a significant change in serial holo-TC values is provided by the calculation of RCVs. The present study indicates that holo-TC values would need to change by nearly 50% for an investigator to be 95% certain that one value was significantly different from a previ...

Summary A novel and recently launched food for special medical purposes was discussed by a multidisciplinary expert panel as an option allergic patients. The newly developed lozenge contains the whey protein beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) well micronutrients iron, zinc vitamin A. BLG loaded with ligands (holo-BLG) is one factor of allergy-protective farm effect in numerous scientific studies. Further...

BACKGROUND Human lactoferrin (hLF), a member of the transferrin family, is known for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Recent studies on various nonskin cell lines indicate that hLF may have a stimulatory effect on cell proliferation. OBJECTIVES To study the potential role of hLF in wound re-epithelialization. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of hLF on cell growth, migration...

OBJECTIVES Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a global healthcare problem. Recent evidence suggests that the availability of iron may be important for C. difficile growth. This study evaluated the comparative effects of iron-depleted (1% Fe(3+) saturated) bovine apo-lactoferrin (apo-bLf) and iron-saturated (85% Fe(3+) saturated) bovine holo-lactoferrin (holo-bLf) in a human in vitro gut m...

BACKGROUND Current tests for evaluation of vitamin B(12) absorption are problematic because they involve the use of radioactively labeled vitamin B(12). We describe a vitamin B(12) absorption test that circumvents this problem. METHODS We measured cobalamin or transcobalamin saturated with cobalamin (holo-TC) 24 h after three 9-microg doses of vitamin B(12) given orally at 6-h intervals. We s...

Aggregation of p53 is initiated by first-order processes that generate an aggregation-prone state with parallel pathways of major or partial unfolding. Here, we elaborate the mechanism and explore its consequences, beginning with the core domain and extending to the full-length p53 mutant Y220C. Production of large light-scattering particles was slower than formation of the Thioflavin T-binding...

BACKGROUND We evaluated whether measurement of vitamin B(12)-saturated transcobalamin (holo-TC) concentrations or TC saturation (holo-TC:total TC) reflects active vitamin B(12) absorption in healthy individuals and patients after vitamin B(12) intake. METHODS We obtained blood samples from 31 healthy individuals (age range, 25-57 years) before (days -1 and 0) and after (days 1, 2, and 6) oral...

Computational prediction of ligand entry and egress paths in proteins has become an emerging topic in computational biology and has proven useful in fields such as protein engineering and drug design. Geometric tunnel prediction programs, such as Caver3.0 and MolAxis, are computationally efficient methods to identify potential ligand entry and egress routes in proteins. Although many geometric ...