This paper presents a digital holographic method to visualize and measure refractive index variations, convection currents, or thermal gradients, occurring inside transparent but strongly refracting object. The proof of principle is provided through the visualization of refractive index variation inside a lighting ampoule. Comparison with transmission and reflection holography is also provided....

We discuss the elementary physics of the final state Coulomb interactions in HanburyBrown Twiss interferometry, showing – with explicit comparison to E877 data for π+π− and π±p – that the Coulomb corrections in the pair correlation function can be well understood in terms of simple classical physics. We connect the classical picture with descriptions in terms of Coulomb wave functions, and inve...

Because the quality assessment of Persistent Scatterers (PS) is dependent on the deformation model chosen, PS may be falsely rejected due to model imperfections. To accept these PS, more advanced deformation models should be used. However, the decreased rank of the estimation problem increases the chance of unwrapping errors. Therefore, advanced deformation models should only be applied when ne...

An example of double exposure holographic interferometry. A hologram of the c-c1amp is exposed. The light source is then shuttered and the clamp tightened. A hologram of the strained c-clamp is exposed onto the same recording material. After processing, illumination of the doubly exposed hologram results in the reconstruction of two wavefronts----one corresponding to each amount of strain on th...

Bolometric interferometry is not a new idea, but this technique has not been demonstrated at millimeter wavelengths. The millimeter-wave bolometric interferometer combines the advantages of two well-developed technologies – interferometers and bolometric detectors – and will open a new region of sensitivity and angular resolution not previously accessible to other instruments. 2003 Elsevier B.V...

The spontaneous formation of cracks in biscuits following baking, also known as checking, is an issue that manufacturers would like to be able to predict and avoid. Unfortunately the mechanisms driving this phenomenon are not well understood. Speckle interferometry was used to study moisture-induced in-plane strain development in biscuits. This sensitive and non-contacting technique for measuri...

Using a simple final-state rescattering model coupled with a simple Coulomb model, the effects of the central Coulomb potential on pion interferometry measurements in 158 GeV/nucleon Pb+Pb collisions are explored. Although the central Coulomb potential does not introduce correlations between pions, it does prevent an accurate measurement of the momentum difference. This momentum difference smea...

A variation of the landslide activity is expected according to the climate change in the Alps, especially in permafrost environment. Mountain areas are not very well controlled by monitoring systems due to the high costs. Therefore, satellite data and especially repeatpass SAR interferometric techniques are an important option for the monitoring. In our contribution differential SAR interferome...

Seismic interferometry allows one to create a virtual source inside a medium, assuming a receiver is present at the position of the virtual source. We discuss a method that creates a virtual source inside a medium from reflection data measured at the surface, without needing a receiver inside the medium and, hence, going beyond seismic interferometry. In addition to the reflection data, an esti...