The magnesium-metal battery, which consists of a cathode, a Mg-metal anode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, is a safer and less expensive alternative to the popular Li-ion battery. However, the performance of Mg batteries is greatly limited by the low electrochemical oxidative stability of nonaqueous electrolytes, the slow Mg diffusion into the cathode, and the irreversibility of Mg striping and ...

For FEL (Free Electron Laser) complex used at the Duke University, pulse generators (kickers) of Injection, Extraction and Generator of injection into a big ring have been developed and built. As fast switches TPI-type thyratrons (PSS pseudospark switches) have been employed. In contrast to other pseudospark switches the TPI-thyratrons are capable of operating in circuits with grounded cathode,...

Bioelectrochemical systems recover valuable components and energy in the form of hydrogen or electricity from aqueous organic streams. We derive a one-dimensional steady-state model for ion transport in a bioelectrochemical system, with the ions subject to diffusional and electrical forces. Since most of the ionic species can undergo acid-base reactions, ion transport is combined in our model w...

An exfoliation-reassembly-activation (ERA) approach to lithium-ion battery cathode fabrication is introduced, demonstrating that inactive HCoO(2) powder can be converted into a reversible Li(1-x) H(x) CoO(2) thin-film cathode. This strategy circumvents the inherent difficulties often associated with the powder processing of the layered solids typically employed as cathode materials. The delam...

The bucket ion source is widely used as the high energy beam source on the high power neutral beam injector system. A hot cathode bucket ion source is studied. The main parameters which influence the performance of bucket ion source are arc voltage, filament voltage, gas inlet rate and extracted voltage. The proton ratio is the dominate parameter for the ion source. In the experiment, the chara...

We present spectroscopic measurements of plasma parameters (electron density n(e), electron temperature T(e), gas temperature T(g), underpopulation factor b) in the hot-core region in front of the cathode of a low-current, free-burning arc discharge in argon under atmospheric pressure. The discharge is operated in the hot-core mode, creating a hot cathode region with plasma parameters similar t...

Three-dimensional self-supported cathode nanoarchitectures are the key to develop high-performance thin film lithium-ion microbatteries and flexible lithium-ion batteries. In this work, we have developed a facile “hydrothermal lithiation” strategy to prepare vertically aligned porous LiMn2O4 nanowall arrays, comprising highly crystallized spinel nanoparticles, on various conductive substrates w...

Last year a second-generation SSRL-type thermionic cathode rf gun was installed in the Advanced Photon Source (APS) linac. This gun (referred to as “gun2”) has been successfully commissioned and now serves as the main injector for the APS linac, essentially replacing the Koontz-type DC gun. To help ensure injector availability, particularly with the advent of top-up mode operation at the APS, a...