An important, but underappreciated, consequence of climate change is the reduction in crucial nutrient production at base marine food chain: long-chain omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA). This can have dramatic consequences on consumers, such as fish they limited capacity to synthesise n-3 HUFA de novo. The HUFA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5...

Fish are the most important dietary source of the n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), that have particularly important roles in human nutrition reflecting their roles in critical physiological processes. The objective of the study described here was to clone, functionally characterize and compare expressed fatty acid desaturase genes...

Lates calcarifer, commonly known as the Asian sea bass or barramundi, is an 16 interesting species that has great aquaculture potential in Asia including Malaysia and also 17 Australia. We have investigated essential fatty acid metabolism in this species, focusing on 18 the endogenous highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) synthesis pathway using both 19 biochemical and molecular biological appro...

6 desaturase (D6D), the rate-limiting enzyme for highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) synthesis, is induced by essential fatty acid-deficient diets. Sterol regulatory elementbinding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) in part mediates this induction. Paradoxically, D6D is also induced by ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR ). Here, we report a novel physiological role of PPAR in the i...

Effects of Artemia urmiana enriched with ICES30/4 as a commercial emulsion of highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) on growth, survival, salinity tolerance and fatty acid composition of the Persian sturgeon larvae were evaluated. Artemia enriched for two different time periods (12 and 24 hours) and non-enriched artemia were fed to A. persicus larvae (average initial wet weight 46.80± 2.03mg) dur...

Fish are an important source of the n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), 1 eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids that are crucial to the health of higher 2 vertebrates. The synthesis of HUFA involves enzyme-mediated desaturation, and a ∆5 fatty acyl 3 desaturase cDNA has been cloned from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and functionally 4 characterized previously. Here we re...

The interaction between essential dietary components and changes in tissue nutrient reserves, egg quality and egg composition, were studied from 60 d before and during the spawning of Sparus aurata broodstock. Fish were given isonitrogenous (550 g/kg dry weight) and isolipidic (100 g/kg dry weight) diets, based on protein and lipid extracts of squid meal. Diets differed in the levels of n-6 (10...

The health benefits of seafood are well documented and based on the unique supply of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA). Aquaculture now contributes about 50 % of food-grade seafood globally and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is a rich source of n-3 HUFA. However, salmon and other oily fish can accumulate lipophilic persistent organic pollutants (POP), including dioxins (PCDD/F), polychlo...

A serial slaughter study, involving 45 individually housed Yorkshire female pigs, was conducted to evaluate the impact of feeding diets containing ground flaxseed (FS) during either the grower or late finisher phase on the incorporation of α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid metabolites (n-3 HUFA; all n-3 PUFA excluding 18:3n-3) in trimmed loin (longissimus dorsi) a...

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of an essential fatty acid (EFA) deficient diet on growth, immune status and renal morphology of juvenile gilthead sea bream, using two diets: a control diet containing 2% (DW) of n-3 high unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA) and a diet formulated to be deficient in EFA for this species and containing 0.5% DW of n-3 HUFA (diet NFA). After 9 weeks...