The windings of rivers have long fascinated their human observers. For example, Aboriginal legend explains the sinuous pattern of the modern Finke River (Fig. 1) as the creation of the immense and powerful Rainbow Serpent as he emerged during the Dreamtime from deep waterholes. Recently in PNAS (1), a new theory for the general origin of such sinuous flow patterns was published, which follows f...

1. We used field surveys to compare the density and mesohabitat-scale distribution of the native coastrange sculpin (Cottus aleuticus) and the prickly sculpin (C. asper) in coastal rivers in north-western California, U.S.A., with and without an introduced piscivorous fish, the Sacramento pikeminnow, Ptychocheilus grandis. We also measured mortality of tethered prickly sculpin in a field experim...

introduction water vapor can spread in molecular, unstable and erratic phase and can also transfer by convection and advection process. this transfer happens from the earth and ocean surfaces to the atmosphere in hot air. this type of transfer is considered as the main pattern. in the studies of the atmosphere, one of the prominent factors to be considered is the complexity of water vapor and i...

the aim of this study was to access the genetic differentiation of paraschistura sp. in kheirabad and brim rivers (zohreh river system, persian gulf basin), iran. for this purpose, 60 samples including 30 male and 30 female samples from each river were collected. a total of six microsatellite loci (bbar4, bbar7, ic228, ic230, ic434 and ic720) were used and all of them showed high polymorphism (...

RVR Meander was developed as a toolbox for modeling restoration and naturalization processes in rivers. This model includes Windows-based and Geographical Information System-based programs for analyzing and modeling planform migration of streams. In the past, several rivers have been channelized causing environmental and ecological problems. Restoration techniques evolve as natural solutions to...

Sediment transfer from continents to oceans via rivers is one of the important processes regulating river-bank stabilization, soil formation, biogeochemical cycling of elements, crust evolution and many other earth-related processes. Due to changes in continental positions during the geologic past, water flow and sediment loads in rivers have also shown variations during different time periods....

1. We examined the influence of hydrologic seasonality on temporal variation of planktonic bacterial production (BP) in relatively undisturbed lowland rivers of the middle Orinoco basin, Venezuela. We sampled two clearwater and two blackwater rivers over 2 years for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), chlorophyll, phosphorus and bacterial abundance to determine their relationship to temporal variat...

Preface The Healthy Rivers Commission has completed investigations of the coastal catchments of rivers and lakes as referred to it by the NSW Government since 1995. Lessons learnt from those Inquiries have led the Commission to establish a number of key principles and strategies, which it believes are essential to achieving healthy rivers, lakes and catchments. This document advances a vision f...

Dryland alluvial rivers vary considerably in character. In terms of processes, high energy, sediment-laden flash floods in upland rivers contrast dramatically with the low sediment loads and languid flows of their lowland counterparts while from a form perspective, the unstable wide, shallow and sandy braid plains of piedmont rivers are quite different from the relatively stable, narrow, deep a...

We report on the design, implementation, and performance of three distributed systems running on a cluster of WindowsNT nodes: DataPump, RiverSystem and NTClusterSort. The DataPump is a simple data transfer program that has twice the throughput and 75% of the CPU cost of the default copy methods. The RiverSystem redistributes data across a cluster using a collection of point-to-point data strea...